by Tanada » Tue 16 Feb 2016, 05:59:00
There are a lot of reasons to expect supply to shrink quite a bit at these prices going forward even a few weeks.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')he speed at which oil wells spitting out their final drops of unprofitable crude will be shut may hold the key to an eventual rebound if prices fall further.
Crude prices tumbling to $30 a barrel would threaten the profitability of about 206,000 barrels per day of production from older wells that produce minimal amounts of oil, according to a report Thursday from Bloomberg Intelligence.
The wells, which are most prevalent in Texas’ Permian Basin, are about 25 years old on average and produce no more than 15 barrels a day. They require regular maintenance to help pump even that much after years of sagging pressure.
"These wells dance on the edge of profitability," Peter Pulikkan and William Foiles, analysts at Bloomberg Intelligence, wrote in the report. "The reaction of smaller mom-and-pop operators to sustained low oil prices will dictate how quickly uneconomic supply is removed from the market."
Stripper wells represent more than 80 percent of total wells in the U.S. and 12 percent of total production, according to the report. In total, they generate about 1.1 million barrels of oil a day, nearly as much as Algeria, the third-largest African crude producer.
The key decision will be whether operators continue to let the wells produce at losses to hold the lease in hopes that oil prices soon recover, or shut in production and potentially surrender the well, the analysts wrote. While most of the little wells are operated by tiny producers, the two companies with the greatest production from stripper wells are Chevron Corp. and Occidental Petroleum Corp.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/ ... utput-dropWhile Chevron and Occidental can play the long game even at low prices the same is not true of the mom and pop operators who own most of the stripper wells.
Also IMO the whole we are out of storage meme is being way over hyped. The day Russia/OPEC or any other seller can't find a buyer for all their oil is the day they reduce the amount of oil they offer for sale.
Look at it this way, say you sell bottled spring water for $0.75 a bottle wholesale. Cold weather and good tap water reduce the demand at the same time John Johnson in the next county over starts selling his bottled spring water. Wow there is a lack of demand and storage capacity at the warehouse because the supply is 3 percent higher than the demand.
Do you
A) Give away your business or your bottled water despite the costs you incurred to produce and bottle it?
B) Drop your prices until they are painful in hopes of putting startup John Johnson out of business?
C) Donate a bunch of your product to groups like police/fire/ems/Red Cross to get favorable impressions with all the public?
D) Slow down the rate you are bottling the spring water just enough to support prices because selling 98 cases a day breaking even is better than selling 100 cases a day at a loss?
The truth behind oil sales is probably a combination of all those strategies plus several more I didn't think of because I am not a producer or seller of oil. In reality none of the OPEC countries nor Russia are happy getting 'only' $30/bbl for oil in February 2016 that they were getting $75/bbl for in February 2014. On the flip side of that coin they were getting about that much for their oil in February 2004 and it was nothing like the end of the world for their oil business.
Do oil exporters want the price of oil to be much higher? Of course they do! Is there some strategic decision making causing them to sell oil at these prices when 24 months ago, even 12 months ago they were getting twice as much or more per barrel? Americans by and large have fallen into the very short term thinking pattern of the quarterly business cycle.
Saudi Arabia has declared they will not give up one more inch of market share. So be it, they are pumping flat out and selling 8 million bbl/d into the world market, maybe more. Because prices are 'low' right now the other OPEC members are doing the same, and Iran was just allowed to get back into the game in a more substantial way. Not giving up market share is a strategic decisions, somewhere along the way they concluded pumping flat out for a year or even three would be better for them in five years than supporting prices by reducing their production.
Their decision reflects the fact that USA Shale fracking was increasing world supply of oil faster than the market was demanding it at $75-$95/bbl. If they had fulfilled their traditional role of supporting prices by further reducing their own production they would be giving up market share to companies that were only profitable with virtually free investment money combined with those high prices. From the KSA point of view they were subsidizing USA fracked oil production and at the same time giving up market share to the USA in the process.
In the short term they are losing a lot of money selling oil for less than half of year ago prices, but in the middle and longer term they have defended their market share against the competition that was being heavily subsidized by the USA. $30/bbl oil gives them a nice income stream because for them pumping oil is very inexpensive. It also boosts the growth rate for world oil consumption and the longer it lasts the more of that demand becomes inelastic both of which will pay off in the future as prices rise again.
Is it possible for oil prices to stay low for another 5 or 10 years? Sure, predicting the future is hard and some massive economic problems could keep prices low through demand destruction, at which point the KSA decision to guard market share will look brilliant. Is it possible for a middle east war to erupt, or a terror incident to double the price from where it is today virtually overnight? Sure, we have seen that happen in the past as well.
But what is the most probable path forward? In all likelihood ROCKMAN who has been around this block a few times in his career is right, over the next 12-18 months supply will shrink as strippers shut in production and the low drilling rates of 2015-2016 do not keep up with depletion of existing wells. Many drilling projects were being delayed or cancelled as far back as 2013 for deep water fields and other very large investment required plans. Off shore East Coast USA/Alaska are all sitting on shelves because the companies don't want to spend the money right now. Over half of planned shale wells in the USA that would have been drilled in the last 12 months have not been. Other than Iran returning to unrestrained oil sales there has not been a whole lot of growth in world oil supply these last 12 months, but demand has grown quite a bit and depletion never sleeps. The back log of drilled but not yet completed shale wells has shrunk substantially from what it was a year ago because those wells make no income.
Bottom line, the capital expense to lease, drill, frack and produce shale oil is fairly predictable by now because most of the sweet spots have been identified. Every well is still a gamble that might not pay off, but compared to deep and ultra deep water projects the up front costs are small. I think this is what was driving the delays and cancellations of the distant off shore projects as far back as 2013 even when the investors were still throwing money around like candy.
Of course the number of drilling leases available for fracking is a limited quantity. Some people don't want to lease their rights, nor does the Federal Government so that takes a lot of the potential locations off the table. The identified sweet spots are continuing to be drilled today with $30/bbl oil because even at these prices they can show a whole system profit. The Average and Sour spots have also been more or less defined and the cost for each is also quantifiable, so drillers have a good idea where they can go next depending on prices in the future.