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PeakOil is You

THE Entropy Thread (merged)

What's on your mind?
General interest discussions, not necessarily related to depletion.

Re: <>

Unread postby nero » Sun 25 Sep 2005, 13:42:26

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')hen why didn't we start by producing modern PCs ? If you were to build the two items from scratch, you will probably find that one is several orders of magnitude more difficult than the other ( I'll let you guess wich one ).


Obviously we didn't have the capability before. If you started from scratch with today's technology, I really don't know which would take the more effort/ energy.
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Re: <>

Unread postby pilferage » Sun 25 Sep 2005, 18:16:57

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Z', 'I') have to wonder why there are so many ventilators in my computer then. And why they sell 450W power units when back a few years ago you only needed 300W.


Intel marketed the faster=better concept. Unfortunately for them, one can only go so fast and small before one runs into problems with heat and power (electrons tunneling where they shouldn't, etc). Now they're doing what AMD did the entire time and focusing on more instructions per cycle. Also, video cards are moving down this same path, some even need their own connection to the PS.
That being said, with the exception of video games, one doen't need very much to run most applications out there. They'll sell it because people will buy it, but there are low power efficient computers out there. Take Via's C3 for example.
Car manufacturers have also done this. Any change in engine efficiency is seen as an excuse to use more power, instead of having $19k cars that put out 50hp and get ~80mpg, we have $19k cars that put out 90hp and get 50mpg...
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Re: <>

Unread postby JustinFrankl » Sun 25 Sep 2005, 18:46:17

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('nero', 'I')f you were to apply the "finger over the hole" technology to the same number of trips as the old technology you certainly would produce more entropy since it requires a little bit more effort to carry the pail with your finger over the hole than it does to let it freely swing from the end of your arm. But since you need only half as many trips with the new technology the overall amount of free energy expended and entropy produced is less. The effort required to implement the new technology is much less than the benefits received. Ie. a free lunch.

Thanks to the finger-over-the-hole technology, you've reduced the number of trips that you had to take. And you've reduced it for everyone else who was using the old, less efficient technology, as well. Everyone is now able, with the same energy as before, to take more trips. And those people who couldn't afford to do it before, now can.

Another example. A person's most favorite food is steak and lobster. The reason they don't have steak and lobster at every meal is because it would be too expensive, because it costs relatively more energy to obtain steak and lobster than, say, a hot dog. A new technology comes on the scene, cutting the costs in half for steak and lobster. The person's consumption of steak and lobster will increase, as it will for a whole host of people that couldn't afford steak and lobster before.
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Re: <>

Unread postby Z » Sun 25 Sep 2005, 19:46:02

Pilferage, that was irony. :-D

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pilferage', 'T')hat being said, with the exception of video games, one doen't need very much to run most applications out there.


I beg to differ. There are lots of applications that require considerable processing power ( video processing, computer graphics come to mind ). Now most users don't really need it and their processor is idle probably 95% of the time. But then, it is not average processing power that is important, it is peak processing power.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pilferage', 'T')hey'll sell it because people will buy it, but there are low power efficient computers out there. Take Via's C3 for example.


'efficient' is really a subjective term. It really depends on what you intend to do with it. I agree that you may have lower consumption cpus, but on the average, the trend is clearly toward the other way.

And the culprit, like in your car example, is the low cost of energy.
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Re: <>

Unread postby pilferage » Sun 25 Sep 2005, 20:25:29

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Z', 'I') beg to differ. There are lots of applications that require considerable processing power ( video processing, computer graphics come to mind ).


Does your average desktop user need video processing or computer graphics software? I'm gonna say no. Will a company try to sell the consumer something that will run software they most likely will not use? Yes. :p

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Z', ''')efficient' is really a subjective term. It really depends on what you intend to do with it. I agree that you may have lower consumption cpus, but on the average, the trend is clearly toward the other way.


Just like the trend of selling horsepower, and not efficiency. However, that doesn't mean that a C3 can't run GIMP well (Or a 450mhz P3?), or my vw Rabbit L can't tow 1,500lbs. ;)

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'A')nd the culprit, like in your car example, is the low cost of energy.


Ehh.... Not exactly. This is more of a psychological aspect of society than the cost of energy itself. In fact, could you prove that the low cost of energy => increased consumption? Or is this just something local, and attributable to our own heirarchy?
In general, the more we consume, the more we work. The more we work, the more dependent we are. The more dependent we are, the easier we are to control.

So, if I have control of certain resources, and want to extend my influence, it would make sense to encourage the consumption of my resources up to the point where I'm selling the most stuff for the greatest overall profit. I believe that socialization has lead to our voracious appetites wrt items we don't have some inherent physical desire for.
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Re: <>

Unread postby Z » Sun 25 Sep 2005, 22:05:46

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pilferage', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'A')nd the culprit, like in your car example, is the low cost of energy.

Ehh.... Not exactly. This is more of a psychological aspect of society than the cost of energy itself. In fact, could you prove that the low cost of energy => increased consumption? Or is this just something local, and attributable to our own heirarchy?


I do not think this is a cultural thing. It is hardwired into humans, because we have evolved in an environment that was scarce on resources. For example, there is no biological mechanism to prevent us from becoming too fat, although it may be life-threatening in itself or in regard to escaping predators. Our consumerist societies are just extrapolations of these tendencies. It seems that there is no such thing as 'enough', be it on the side of the consumer or on the side of the industry. Advertising in this case may just weight on a natural human tendency.
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Re: <>

Unread postby pilferage » Mon 26 Sep 2005, 19:50:20

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Z', 'I') do not think this is a cultural thing. It is hardwired into humans, because we have evolved in an environment that was scarce on resources. For example, there is no biological mechanism to prevent us from becoming too fat, although it may be life-threatening in itself or in regard to escaping predators. Our consumerist societies are just extrapolations of these tendencies. It seems that there is no such thing as 'enough', be it on the side of the consumer or on the side of the industry. Advertising in this case may just weight on a natural human tendency.


Our consumerist societies aren't extrapolations of those tendencies as much as they are exploitations. If there were no heirarchigal structure with the few controlling the many than I'd agree, but sadly that's not the case.
Of course there's no biological mechanism for weight loss (Or stabilization.), there's been no need for one while we were hunting/gathering, and our industrialization has been pretty recent.

Now that I think of it, I read an article a while back regarding over consumption. Apparently, it's prevailent in individuals who have had to go without food at some time during their lives. But in individuals that are always well fed, there is no overconsumption of food. In fact, I'm pretty sure now that it's not physiological at all. I could find the article for you if you'd like?

Imho, most of our behaviors (Less our sex drive, iirc I made a provision for this in my last post.) are learned. The only way we could figure out which behaviors are intrinsic would be to somehow raise a child with no socialization and observe... Which is both immoral and difficult.
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Re: <>

Unread postby iisthatwhichiis » Mon 26 Sep 2005, 21:13:17

:( Hi,
pilferage 8:16 9-26-05 writes,

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ')"Car manufacturers have also done this. Any change in engine efficiency is seen as an excuse to use more power, instead of having $19k cars that put out 50hp and get ~80mpg, we have $19k cars that put out 90hp and get 50mpg..."


Neato, where can I get one of these $19k cars that put out 90hp and get 50mpg. Around here they cost $30K to $50K put out 250hp and get 10 mph. :-x

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Re: <>

Unread postby pilferage » Mon 26 Sep 2005, 21:25:23

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('iisthatwhichiis', 'N')eato, where can I get one of these $19k cars that put out 90hp and get 50mpg. Around here they cost $30K to $50K put out 250hp and get 10 mph. :-x

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Most new vw's with the 100hp tdi engines get ~50mpg, a Golf GL 4-door 1.9L tdi has an msrp of ~$18k. The only place you can't get these new is CA due to it's heavy particulate regulations.
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Re: <>

Unread postby MonteQuest » Mon 26 Sep 2005, 21:42:38

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('whereagles', 'M')onteQuest: I think you're missing one thing here.

From your posts, I have the impression you think of entropy like some fixed quantity that comes out of a process whether you like it or not. Well, that's not true. Every real-life process has a reversible and an irreversible part. The irreversible part is basically dissipation of energy into heat and does increase the universe's entropy. But the reversible part does not increase the universe's entropy. The less it dissipates, the more efficient the process is. The amount of entropy you produce is not fixed, but varies with the process efficiency. An electric heater has almost zero efficiency (nearly all electric energy is transformed into heat), but a state-of-the-art torsion pendulum is close to 100% efficiency.

Now, let's take the above and plug it into the complexity issue. Complexity means "more processes". That would normally mean more entropy and more need for free energy. However, if you cut on the dissipative part, you can do more with the same free energy. So I don't think you can say "more complexity = more entropy = more need for free energy = back to stage 1". That would be a bit too simplistic.

There are two things that can solve the world energy problem: 1) better efficiency and 2) ability to use new free energy sources. As you can see, complexity isn't even one of them, although you probably need complexity to reach higher efficiency levels.

I'm not saying a techno-fix is going to save the world, but I do think it's wrong to assume it's useless.


No, I'm not missing anything. Increasing efficiency of a system reduces the entropy of that system. But, the processes that occur in other systems to increase that efficiency come at a price; increased entropy of that system. More entropy to hold at bay.

Think of the processes/new parts/wastes produced, etc. that must occur to increase the efficiency of anything.

Remember, the laws of thermodynamics says you can't win, and you can't break even, no matter how you phrase it.
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Re: <>

Unread postby nero » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 00:09:29

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'N')o, I'm not missing anything. Increasing efficiency of a system reduces the entropy of that system. But, the processes that occur in other systems to increase that efficiency come at a price; increased entropy of that system. More entropy to hold at bay.


Well this statement isn't at all clear, but I'll give it a go.

I would term increasing efficiency means reducing the rate of increase of entropy. It does not necessarily mean the entropy of the system decreases. Maybe you mean increasing complexity means reducing the entropy? I'll assume you mean increasing complexity. And then you are right. To increase the complexity requires an offseting increase in entropy in another location. However if the increased complexity allows us to replace a process that currently has a high rate of increase in entropy with a system that has a much lower rate then we will have received a benefit from the complexity that in effect reduced the entropy that would otherwise have been produced if the complexity wasn't there. In no instance am I saying the total entropy decreases. But without the increased complexity the entropy would increase more quickly. This is hardly a profound statement and that was why I used the silly example of the ""finger over the hole" technology as an example where obviously the technology produces a benefit.


$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'T')hink of the processes/new parts/wastes produced, etc. that must occur to increase the efficiency of anything.


And the number of parts required to increase the efficiency of my bucket was exactly zero.

Really it isn't obvious that the production of the technology will produce more entropy than would otherwise have been created in the less efficient process. Certainly it is easy to disprove the hypothesis that this will universally be the case for the amount of entropy produced in creating the technology is finite while the amount of entropy created in the old process depends on the characteristics of the old process and may be almost infinite (simply define the old process as some really really inefficient Rube Goldberg process).
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Re: <>

Unread postby MonteQuest » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 00:37:00

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Nero', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'T')hink of the processes/new parts/wastes produced, etc. that must occur to increase the efficiency of anything.


And the number of parts required to increase the efficiency of my bucket was exactly zero.


You show me an example of a "fingers-in-the-holes" technology and I'll show you a baling wire fix. We don't do things that way. We engineer complex systems that require numerous energy transformations.

Look at how complex the techno-fix will have to be for peakoil. You actually think that producing ethanol will be less complex than refining crude? Importing LNG? Tar sands or oil shale to oil?

Not many chances for "fingers in the holes" technology, I am afraid.
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Re: <>

Unread postby cheRand » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 00:38:04

Pilferage says:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')ow that I think of it, I read an article a while back regarding over consumption. Apparently, it's prevailent in individuals who have had to go without food at some time during their lives. But in individuals that are always well fed, there is no overconsumption of food. In fact, I'm pretty sure now that it's not physiological at all. I could find the article for you if you'd like?


Maybe so, if you're just talking about consumption. Metabolism IS genetically-influenced. If you look at cultures with persistent famines and die-off, you find stuff today like obesity and diabetes in those same cultures today in the "fat" times. Nature is narrowing the diversity of responses to changing conditions--- slicing off both ends of the range curve using conditions of starvation and conditions of excess over the generations. Or, to look at it from a different perspective, Nature is testing for capability to survive both ends of the feast-famine spectrum.

(Am I off-topic? Metabolism is organism-level thermodynamics, right?)
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Re: <>

Unread postby nero » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 01:25:56

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'Y')ou show me an example of a "fingers-in-the-holes" technology and I'll show you a baling wire fix. We don't do things that way. We engineer complex systems that require numerous energy transformations.


The "finger over the hole" technology isn't essentially different from the baling wire fix. Both are more complex than the older process they are replacing. I can't say whether or not the entropy cost of the baling wire fix will be offset by a reduction in the entropy involved in using the bucket. It probably depends on how long the patch lasts before it has to be replaced.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'L')ook at how complex the techno-fix will have to be for peakoil. You actually think that producing ethanol will be less complex than refining crude? Importing LNG? Tar sands or oil shale to oil?


No I don't, but that is a bit beside the point since I didn't propose that the competing technology could be less complex.
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Re: <>

Unread postby iisthatwhichiis » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 02:19:22

:-D Hi All,

In reading your posts which are mostly 6 ft over my head, I hearby put in one small toe gingerly... (dips toe) :(

The earth receives X to the umteenth degree amount of energy each day from the sun otherwise known as the solar constant which is believed to be between 1,353 and 1,395 W/m2 (approximately 1.4 kW/m2, or 2.0 cal/cm2/min)..
The earth gives off x to small number degree amount of energy from it's nuclear core.

Large X plus small x in turn is radiated into space + or - each day.

Some small percentage of X + x through millennium has been retained on earth by storage in carbon (trees, coal, oil, etc.), nuclear, ocean water, and other.

This small percentage of X + x that has been stored is all that can be used and manipulated by man and other beings at our current state of knowledge and technology.

Gradually as the heat from the sun lessens the earth will gradually freeze and mankind with it after we have used the above stored resources unless:

1. We learn how to utilize ZPE.
2. Find some other currently unknown energy source.
3. Escape to Europa which we will also screw up.

(jerks toe from seething cauldron) :lol:

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Re: <>

Unread postby 0mar » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 04:10:26

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('iisthatwhichiis', ':')-D Hi All,

In reading your posts which are mostly 6 ft over my head, I hearby put in one small toe gingerly... (dips toe) :(

The earth receives X to the umteenth degree amount of energy each day from the sun otherwise known as the solar constant which is believed to be between 1,353 and 1,395 W/m2 (approximately 1.4 kW/m2, or 2.0 cal/cm2/min)..
The earth gives off x to small number degree amount of energy from it's nuclear core.


Solar energy is diffuse, unreliable and expensive. That number is probably an average. It neglects the fact that the earth is 70%, efficencies in solar power are the worst in the energy business, production costs for solar panels are still magnitudes of order above commerical utilization and at its core, solar power is simply too intermittant for a global economy.
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Re: <>

Unread postby iisthatwhichiis » Tue 27 Sep 2005, 22:09:56

:) Hi Omar, All,

Omar writes:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'S')olar energy is diffuse, unreliable and expensive. That number is probably an average. It neglects the fact that the earth is 70%, efficencies in solar power are the worst in the energy business, production costs for solar panels are still magnitudes of order above commerical utilization and at its core, solar power is simply too intermittant for a global economy.


I did not mean to imply that Solar Power was the way to go but rather that it is the way that Nature/Mother Earth has accumulated most of the current non renewable energy that mankind currently uses.
Radioactive materials, as I understand it, are left over from the decay of previous stars and mankind uses power from this source by both Fission power plants (directly) and Geothermal power plants (indirectly).

My point in the above post was that when all of the above sources are used up, and the sun stops sending energy to us, mankind is in deep doodoo. The earth will continue on in some form but we will not inhabit it.

Each of the various power sources are limited in scope and usability.

As you mention Solar energy is diffuse, unreliable and expensive, But it is efficient to heat hot water and space heating with proper use of trombe walls or other heat sinks.

Nuclear Fission Power difficulties seems to be threefold:
1. Political
2. Storage space for the waste. This probably could be solved by remixing it with the ore and putting it back in the mines it came out of. Contamination of water sources then becomes a problem.
3. Meltdown or explosion which makes the surrounding area uninhabitable for hundreds of years.

Geothermal works well in Iceland, New Zealand, California and Hawaii. Corrosion in high sulfur areas is a problem.

Wind power also is intermitant and like solar requires some type of storage.

Electric power for automobles seems to be a better and more efficient way to move autos and trucks than gasoline, if it were not for the resistance and greed of the oil companies.

Hydro electric is developed almost to the max.

Hydrogen like gasoline is primarily a storage medium.

So what is left?
Wave power? Tidal power? Fusion? OTEC? :-x
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Re: <>

Unread postby whereagles » Wed 28 Sep 2005, 10:09:54

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', ' ')Increasing efficiency of a system reduces the entropy of that system. But, the processes that occur in other systems to increase that efficiency come at a price; increased entropy of that system.

Yes, but entropy is not a conserved quantity. The entropy generated by an old process DOES NOT necessarily equal the entropy generated by techno-fix + entropy generated by new more efficient process.

Of course, I agree there aren't many opportunities for a "finger-in-bucket" type of techno-fix, although I can see a trivial one right now: use an hybrid vehicle instead of an SUV to move stuff from A to B!!!

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', ' ')
Remember, the laws of thermodynamics says you can't win, and you can't break even, no matter how you phrase it.

Yes, but they don't say you can't make things more efficient. Only that you cannot make an engine more efficient than a Carnot engine ;)
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Re: <>

Unread postby Drjay » Mon 10 Oct 2005, 11:11:53

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'Y')es, but they don't say you can't make things more efficient. Only that you cannot make an engine more efficient than a Carnot engine


Unless you are not using a carnot cycle to extract the energy (Like a fuel cell), but that wouldn't really be called an engine.
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Re: <>

Unread postby whereagles » Wed 12 Oct 2005, 13:48:48

An "engine" is something that transforms some type of energy into mechanical energy. That can be done in several ways.

A Carnot engine uses the heat flow from a hot source to a cold one to generate work. No other thermal machine can have better efficiency than the Carnot machine, but non-thermal machines can have better efficiencies, yes.
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