by LoneSnark » Sun 10 Feb 2008, 03:48:22
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'L')OL oh yeah sure they do. By building factories in China and shipping toxic waste to underdeveloped 3rd world countries.
Oddly enough, it works exactly the opposite of what you expect. It turns out that the really polluting stuff, such as chemical plants, are primarily built in the first world. This has nothing to do with altruism, of course, but is plain old greed. Chemical plants tend to cost a lot and contain very expensive equipment. To build such a thing in the third world might avoid environment standards, but it would invite nationalization by local governments or petty theft by employees which can disappear since third world governments are prone to both corruption and incompetence. Add in the fact that educated chemical engineers are rare in the third world, and it becomes absurd to suggest we are exporting our pollution.
What is being exported we all see: labor intensive activities such as manufacturing, which requires only electricity and maybe natural gas. All the inputs, such as plastics whose production is heavily polluting, are usually imported from the west.
From the NBER digest:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I')mports overall grew by 318 percent during the period. But according to World Bank data that characterizes industries by their pollution intensity, imports of goods manufactured in highly polluting processes grew at a much slower rate. In other words, just as the U.S. manufacturing sector was growing while simultaneously shifting toward clean industries, the same thing was happening to our imports: they were rising, but the percentage of goods coming from polluting industries was going down. "The cleaner U.S. manufacturing composition is not offset by dirtier imports," the authors write. "Rather, the composition of imports has also become cleaner."
Although these authors came to a different reason for this outcome. They theorize that the slower growth of dirty imports may be because the dirtier (older) industries have more political power and have resisted tariff reductions. Draw your own conclusions.