by DantesPeak » Fri 28 Sep 2007, 12:16:08
While this is nothing really new to regular readers here, an in-depth industry report on Saudi Arabia has reached the conclusion that the super-giant Ghawar oil field is past peak. Plus they seem to concur with the assessment that other Saudi major fields are also declining by 8% per year.
APS Review Gas Market Trends, however, also says that Saudi Arabia still has some untapped and by-passed oil fields, mostly those with heavy oil. The heavy oil fields are also generally located near large deposits of rare earth heavy metals, which could contaminate oil. In addition to the light oil field with a potential output of 500,000 bpd to be brought on line near or about the end of this year, they may also have one more significant light oil field that can be developed.
In sum, APS appears to believe that the Saudis still have some potential to increase production – although they don’t make a specific production forecast and they have not reconciled the growing gap between actual production and potential production as stated by the Saudis.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'A')PS Review Oil Market Trends 24 Sep 2007 Vol 69; Issue 13
SAUDI ARABIA - The Oil/Gas Reserves & The Regional Prospects - Emphasis On Heavy Oil.
Saudi Arabia has about 80 oil and gas fields and more than 1,000 oil wells; however, more than 50% of the kingdom's reserves are in only eight sets of fields. On Dec. 27, 2004, Saudi Petroleum and Mineral Resources Minister Na'imi said the country's proven reserves can go up to 461 bn barrels in the next few years. He reiterated this point on April 8, 2005. Naimi, a prominent geologist, was quoted as saying: "There is a possibility that the kingdom will raise its reserves by around 200 bn barrels, either through new finds or by increasing what it produces from existing fields. ...These reserves enable the kingdom to remain a major oil producer for between 70 and 100 years, even if it raises its production capacity to 15m b/d, which may well happen during the next 15 years".
What Na'imi and other Saudi officials have said about potential oil reserves, however, are yet to be verified independently. It has been rumoured for years that Ghawar is in permanent decline. Some foreign experts claim Ghawar can only produce 4.5-5m b/d. Its officially stated maximum sustained capacity is 8.5m b/d, though actual output is a closely-guarded state secret.
Early in 2006, a Saudi Aramco spokesman admitted Ghawar's mature fields were declining at a rate of 8% per year. In other words, Ghawar's production was most likely past its peak. The spokesman went on to say that steps were being taken to offset the decline, but that the only true solution was locate new fields in that area.
Upstream oil projects include development of new fields, new installations such as major gas-oil separation plants (GOSPs), and EOR systems for parts of the Ghawar axis of fields which have begun to decline due to a fall in reservoir pressure. Production streams to be expanded are those for the lighter oils. More of the fields producing heavy oil have been mothballed.
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