by MrBill » Sat 08 Apr 2006, 09:19:56
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'S')o in the end you get only average quality service for higher price than in originally state/local owned scenario. That's how it works all around the world, deregulation of UK railroads and energy sector under Thatcher, eurowater deregulation on the continent in the 1990s etc..
Mesuge, I get your point, and here is what I find wrong with the way most projects have been privatized.
First of all a government monopoly was put in place in the first place for one of two reasons. One capital projects which were very large and required long payback periods were too risky for under developed capital markets, so the government had a role to play. Or secondly, the government needed tax revenue, raising income taxes was politically unpalatable, so they nationalized some industries to get their share up front instead of in the form of income taxes on dividends.
Who is to say what is right for the public good? But what we do know is that monopolies, as you pointed out, tend to underinvest in new capacity and/or modernization, so they fall behind in terms of efficiency and capacity which ill serves the public by insufficient capacity, poor service or other problems. Other problems with government controlled monopolies are that politicians cannot help but use them as make work projects or in fact the government uses them as a cash cow for other purposes and does not reinvest in the service which the utility is supposed to provide (Pemex is a good example of this as is PDVSA).
However, today capital markets are better developed, so funding thee long term projects is not a problem. It is more efficient to issue a bond to pay for a capital project than for a government to issue a bond and then use part of the proceeds to pay for the project due to lack of transparency and as I said the urge to interfer in management of the company. Elected officials and career bureaucrats may have an alternative agenda when they get involved with a company or utility.
So sometimes governments decide to privatize, but this is where it all goes horribly wrong from my point of view. One often the government wants to keep a golden stake (so they can continue to meddle in the affairs of the company or utility). Or they only privatize part of the going concern. Maybe the trains, but not the tracks. Or they leave legacy players in charge of critical bits of the infrastructure, so bottlenecks occur or new entrants simply cannot gain access to that last mile or connection to the customer. Or in the case of California deregulation, they deregulated the wholesale market but kept caps on the retail market and did not allow the companies to set prices.
In otherwords, deregulation was never given a fair chance to succeed and so you end up with new problems without solving the initial faults of the over regulated industry. Another problem with regulated industries which are government controlled is public sector unions which tend to be stronger than private unions, but with less accountability. I am not against unionization, but work to rule is not conducive with productivity gains.
But yes, if you want to live in a benevolent dictatorship with nationalized industries and a centrally planned economy that is certainly one alternative that has been tried in many countries. One of the problems with this system that Jaws has pointed out is that in the absense of a price mechanism to guide decision making, decisions get made by dictat and usually for all the wrong reasons with the typical unintended consequences.
I prefer a market based economy, but I see a role for oversight, regulation and supervision by the government to keep private companies honest and to punish transgressors. But I do not like to see governments try to run companies. They are simply not good at it and at worst it leads to corruption and a whole host of other problems.
The organized state is a wonderful invention whereby everyone can live at someone else's expense.