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Less choice, more convergence and consensus

What's on your mind?
General interest discussions, not necessarily related to depletion.

Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Timo » Mon 09 May 2016, 14:54:19

"Common sense?" Maybe not.

"Common good?" Actually, quite likely. Humans aren't very adept at group think. We are sheep, and need to be herded collectively in the right directions to prevent us from jumping off the cliff. The U.S.'s bottom-up approach to democracy, where everyone is given an equal voice and the opportunity to make decisions for the common good is turning out quite wonderfully for the planet.

But now, we've grown weary of being responsible for ourselves, and have decided to elect fascists to take control over our lives, thus freeing us from making any decisions regarding our futures.

We get what we deserve, and maybe it's better that way.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Cid_Yama » Thu 12 May 2016, 07:05:58

How about some historical perspective. In the 1960's many who could never have afforded college were suddenly able to do so. The then educated young adults saw through the political manipulations and rebelled against it.

TPTB quickly saw that an educated populous was not an easily controlled populous, so the assistance to go to college ceased to keep up with the costs.

Once again only the select were able to attend.

Also, curriculum in public schools was scrutinized and cleansed to produce an uncritical populous, unable to discern what was in their best interests.

So do they deserve their fate? Or have they been conditioned to a fascist mind set.

Yes, they now fight for their chains. Yes, they now fight to enslave any not now within their fold.

So, do they deserve the fate that they fight for? Even though they have been conditioned to do so? Or are they victims of the system.

This is a moral question that I have wrestled with. I guess it doesn't matter as we will all suffer the same fate, righteous and fools alike. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby onlooker » Thu 12 May 2016, 07:16:11

To me the answer is that fools are less to blame that conniving immoral psychopaths!
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Cog » Thu 12 May 2016, 07:42:10

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Timo', '&')quot;Common sense?" Maybe not.

"Common good?" Actually, quite likely. Humans aren't very adept at group think. We are sheep, and need to be herded collectively in the right directions to prevent us from jumping off the cliff. The U.S.'s bottom-up approach to democracy, where everyone is given an equal voice and the opportunity to make decisions for the common good is turning out quite wonderfully for the planet.

But now, we've grown weary of being responsible for ourselves, and have decided to elect fascists to take control over our lives, thus freeing us from making any decisions regarding our futures.

We get what we deserve, and maybe it's better that way.


It seems to me you don't really dislike fascists. You simply want the fascists in charge that support whatever agenda you find pleasing. After all, us poor dumb rednecks are obviously too ignorant to know what is good for us.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Ibon » Thu 12 May 2016, 08:08:34

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Cid_Yama', '
')
This is a moral question that I have wrestled with. I guess it doesn't matter as we will all suffer the same fate, righteous and fools alike. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius.


Even George Bush wrestled with this question.

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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby ennui2 » Thu 12 May 2016, 08:20:00

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', 'T')o me the answer is that fools are less to blame that conniving immoral psychopaths!


I don't see it as an either/or proposition.

The blame game ultimately doesn't matter much anyway. I guess if some people are hanging their hopes on some sort of revolution, kill the bankers event, then it matters. But a fool is a fool and tragedy of the commons doesn't suddenly go away because Madison Avenue isn't pushing consumerism anymore.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby onlooker » Thu 12 May 2016, 08:23:47

The American Indians thriving in the Americans did not seem to have much of a problem with the Commons. So my argument stands, that the high ups are more to blame. As for the blame game mattering well what does anything that we say here really matter. Just stating my views like everyone else.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Tanada » Thu 12 May 2016, 09:02:41

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', 'T')he American Indians thriving in the Americans did not seem to have much of a problem with the Commons. So my argument stands, that the high ups are more to blame. As for the blame game mattering well what does anything that we say here really matter. Just stating my views like everyone else.


This is a very distorted view of the real history of first peoples culture. They were humans, just like you and everyone you know, and they fought between individual, tribes and language groups to control 'the commons' just as much as the Europeans who displaced them did. Just because they did not build large cities does not mean they did not control the territory where they hunted and otherwise harvested natural resources.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby onlooker » Thu 12 May 2016, 09:29:22

Tanada, your knowledge in general is impressive especially of history. However, am I truly far off any semblance of accuracy when I say that the Indians of the Americas pre-colonization were living in a fairly sustainable manner for a substantial period of time. If I am patently wrong, my apologies, I must have been daydreaming while in school.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Tanada » Thu 12 May 2016, 10:39:31

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', 'T')anada, your knowledge in general is impressive especially of history. However, am I truly far off any semblance of accuracy when I say that the Indians of the Americas pre-colonization were living in a fairly sustainable manner for a substantial period of time. If I am patently wrong, my apologies, I must have been daydreaming while in school.


Not at all, their lifestyle over most of North America was very sustainable.

My objection is to the image that they all worked together for the 'good maintenance of the commons'.

First peoples used fire to create clearings in the forest, they traded with one another for artistic or utilitarian goods, i.e. sea shells from Atlantic fisheries have been found amongst the decorations of people a thousand miles inland, or flint tools that were made from stone native to for example Missouri being found along the Atlantic Seaboard. They traded things like animals and food crops as well spreading for example maize farming from central Mexico as far east as Massachusetts and south into South America.

But they did all these things while still acting just like any other humans on the planet, they competed within tribal groups and language groups and they used violence when they thought it was appropriate on neighboring groups to for example, gain control of a flint dig site where they would have easy access to workable stone. Given that agriculture had already spread to the East Coast/New York before the arrival of Europeans it would have only been a matter of time before they were engaging in all the same practices that agricultural societies in Europe, Asia and Africa had been practicing for hundreds or thousands of years.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby onlooker » Thu 12 May 2016, 10:49:42

Tanada, I was wondering if you have any recommendation of any authoritative book of American Indians especially ones in N. America pre colonization. Love to read it. I just have always been attracted to that culture or cultures.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Tanada » Thu 12 May 2016, 11:24:50

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', 'T')anada, I was wondering if you have any recommendation of any authoritative book of American Indians especially ones in N. America pre colonization. Love to read it. I just have always been attracted to that culture or cultures.


My knowledge such as it is comes from a lifetime of reading and visiting parks where rangers would give lecture tours, but if you want to delve in I highly recommend you start with the following set of books and stories.

http://www.ecobooks.com/authors/mowat.htm
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Timo » Thu 12 May 2016, 11:28:29

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Cog', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Timo', '&')quot;Common sense?" Maybe not.

"Common good?" Actually, quite likely. Humans aren't very adept at group think. We are sheep, and need to be herded collectively in the right directions to prevent us from jumping off the cliff. The U.S.'s bottom-up approach to democracy, where everyone is given an equal voice and the opportunity to make decisions for the common good is turning out quite wonderfully for the planet.

But now, we've grown weary of being responsible for ourselves, and have decided to elect fascists to take control over our lives, thus freeing us from making any decisions regarding our futures.

We get what we deserve, and maybe it's better that way.


It seems to me you don't really dislike fascists. You simply want the fascists in charge that support whatever agenda you find pleasing. After all, us poor dumb rednecks are obviously too ignorant to know what is good for us.

That's not what i meant, but if that's how you feel, i won't disagree with you.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby ennui2 » Thu 12 May 2016, 11:39:21

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', 'T')he American Indians thriving in the Americans did not seem to have much of a problem with the Commons.


They would if they had the choice of consuming more. Note how today's native americans have serious addiction problems. We're all homo sapiens and we all have the same innate flaws.

It's like saying mice have self-control when they completely lose it when given that button that dispenses food on demand. It's yeast in a petri dish. It's how we react to surplus.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Timo » Thu 12 May 2016, 11:45:47

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('ennui2', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', 'T')he American Indians thriving in the Americans did not seem to have much of a problem with the Commons.


They would if they had the choice of consuming more. Note how today's native americans have serious addiction problems. We're all homo sapiens and we all have the same innate flaws.

It's like saying mice have self-control when they completely lose it when given that button that dispenses food on demand. It's yeast in a petri dish. It's how we react to surplus.

The cultures of Native Americans today bears zero resemblance to the cultures of their ancestors 200 years ago. European cultures did their best to exterminate Native Americans in the 1800s, and permanently removed them from their native environments. Any reference to their cultural problems today is irrelevant to their cultures of 200 years ago. Their cultures today are a reflection of what we have imposed upon them.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby onlooker » Thu 12 May 2016, 12:00:15

Agree with what Timo stated. Ennui, maybe your putting the cart before the donkey. It is precisely the cultures of communities like the Indians which are invaluable because they practiced self control or self regulation. They did not envisage or imagine living like us because it went against their natural and traditional lifestyles and customs. How long have we had prodigious fossil fuel extraction? Maybe one hundred years. Okay so Indians were living sustainably and their ancestors were living sustainable for thousands of years. They did not feel compelled to materially advance their culture or technology that much. Why is that. Because their conscious intention and wish was to live as they had. They seemed content with what they did have. Or else why did they fight so hard to maintain it even in the face of the onslaught of White invasion.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby vox_mundi » Sat 14 May 2016, 11:46:58

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('onlooker', '.').. I was wondering if you have any recommendation of any authoritative book of American Indians especially ones in N. America pre colonization. Love to read it. I just have always been attracted to that culture or cultures.

I can recommend an excellent source for the period your interested in. It's rather eye-opening and presents evidence that supports Tanada's thesis. I attended a presentation by the author and he's done his research well.

1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ') 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus is a 2005 non-fiction book by American author and science writer Charles C. Mann about the pre-Columbian Americas. The book argues that a combination of recent findings in different fields of research suggests that human populations in the Western Hemisphere—that is, the indigenous peoples of the Americas—were more numerous, had arrived earlier, were more sophisticated culturally, and controlled and shaped the natural landscape to a greater extent than scholars had previously thought.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '.').. Mann develops his arguments from a variety of recent re-assessments of longstanding views about the pre-Columbian world, based on new findings in demography, climatology, epidemiology, economics, botany, genetics, image analysis, palynology, molecular biology, biochemistry, and soil science. Although there is no consensus, and Mann acknowledges controversies, he asserts that the general trend among scientists currently is to acknowledge:

(a) population levels in the Native Americans were probably higher than traditionally believed among scientists and closer to the number estimated by "high counters";
(b) humans probably arrived in the Americas earlier than thought, over the course of multiple waves of migration to the New World (not solely by the Bering land bridge over a relatively short period of time);

- The level of cultural advancement and the settlement range of humans was higher and broader than previously imagined; and

- The New World was not a wilderness at the time of European contact, but an environment which the indigenous peoples had altered for thousands of years for their benefit, mostly with fire.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ') Mann discusses the growing evidence against the perception that Indians were not active in transforming their lands. Most Indians shaped their environment with fire, employing slash-and-burn techniques to create grasslands for cultivation and to encourage the abundance of game animals. Indians domesticated fewer animals and cultivated plant life differently from their European counterparts, but did so quite intensively. The author suggests that limited and often racist views of the indigenous people, in addition to lack of a common language, often led to a failure to recognize these dynamics, and has historically found expression in conclusions like the "law of environmental limitation of culture" (Betty J. Meggers) — whatever Indians did before slash and burn, the logic goes, had to have worked thanks to the vast expanses of healthy forest seen before Europeans arrived.

Mann argues that Indians were a keystone species, one that "affects the survival and abundance of many other species". By the time the Europeans arrived in number to supplant the indigenous population in the Americas, the previous dominant people had been almost completely eliminated, mostly by disease, with a consequent disruption of societies and environmental control. Decreased environmental influence and resource competition would have led to population explosions in species such as the American bison and the passenger pigeon, and because fire clearing had ceased, forests would have expanded and become denser. The world discovered by Christopher Columbus was to begin to change from that point on, so Columbus "was also one of the last to see it in pure form".


And something closer to the OP ...

Naomi Klein argues climate change is a battle between capitalism and the planet

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ') ‘The climate crisis, by presenting the species with an existential crisis and putting us on a firm and unyielding science-based deadline, might just be the catalyst we need to knit together the great many powerful movements bound together by the inherent worth and value of all people, and united by the rejection of the ‘sacrifice zone’ mentality.”
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'K')lein made similar points in Dublin last week, drawing on campaigns based on her book This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs the Climate. It argues that climate change is a battle between capitalism and the planet, that the commitment to perpetual growth is incompatible with planetary limits and that “the triumph of market logic, with its ethos of domination and fierce competition, is paralysing almost all serious efforts to respond”.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I')n a lecture in Dublin on the same evening Klein spoke, US environmental sociologist John Bellamy Foster delivered a parallel message. His subject was “the anthropocene and the crisis of civilisation: climate change and capitalism”.

Bellamy Foster says an “ecological civilisation” is a necessary transitional society beyond capitalism, defined by far more substantive equality of global resources and burden-sharing of cutbacks in consumption between rich and poor states and people.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby onlooker » Sat 14 May 2016, 11:58:32

Unfortunately, Vox, yes we see humans utilizing Nature to accommodate greater and greater populations. It is a universal feature of humanity. However, I do feel that my thesis of the "noble savage" still has some merit as undomesticated peoples from all past periods and places were less inclined to adopt full scale industrialized and manufacturing technologies and much more content to live relatively simple lives than the great civilizations of the Old world which via the impetus of Capitalistic materialistic dogma quite intentionally embarked upon a full scale industrialized path starting in places like Great Britain. As for Naomo Klein's thesis I would agree. The ethos of Capitalism along with its offspring Industrial Civilization is incompatible with a living and vibrant Earth.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby Ibon » Sat 14 May 2016, 16:11:39

I read that book 1491. I recommend it.
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Re: Less choice, more convergence and consensus

Unread postby vox_mundi » Sun 05 Jun 2016, 11:20:55

Here's a different tangent to Ibon's original thesis, without the need to develop a new philosophy ...

Cooperation emerges when groups are small and memories are long, study finds

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ') The tragedy of the commons, a concept described by ecologist Garrett Hardin, paints a grim view of human nature. The theory goes that, if a resource is shared, individuals will act in their own self-interest, but against the interest of the group, by depleting that resource.

Yet examples of cooperation and sharing abound in nature, from human societies down to single-celled bacteria.

In a new paper, published in the journal Scientific Reports, University of Pennsylvania researchers use game theory to demonstrate the complex set of traits that can promote the evolution of cooperation. Their analysis showed that smaller groups in which actors had longer memories of their fellow group members' actions were more likely to evolve cooperative strategies.

The work suggests one possible advantage of the human's powerful memory capacity: it has fed our ability as a society to cooperate.

Which may explain why onlooker's noble savage in small tribal groups turned into every man for himself today. It's also consistent with Calhoun's overpopulation experiment with mice.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ')In their earlier works, they used the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma scenario, in which two players face off and can choose to either cooperate or not, to understand what circumstances promote the rise of generosity versus selfishness.

In the new paper, they added two levels of complexity. First, they used a different scenario, known as a public-goods game, which allows players to interact with more than one other player at a time. The set-up also enabled the researchers to vary the number of players in a given game. In the public-goods game, a player can contribute a certain amount of a personal resource to a public pool, which is then divided equally among all players. The greatest shared benefit comes when all players contribute generously, but that also puts generous players at risk of losing resources to selfish players, a tragedy of the commons scenario.

The second added level of complexity was imbuing players with the capacity for long memories. That is, players could use the actions of their opponents from multiple earlier rounds of the game to inform their strategies for subsequent rounds. If a player repeatedly encountered a player in a group that frequently behaved selfishly, for example, they may be more likely to "punish" that defector by withholding resources in future rounds.

In addition, the populations of players were permitted to "evolve," such that more successful players, those that achieve greater payoffs, are more likely to pass their strategies on to the next generation of players.

Stewart and Plotkin found that the more players in a game the less likely that cooperative strategies could win out. Instead, the majority of robust strategies in large groups favored defection.

"This makes intuitive sense," Plotkin said. "As a group size increases, the prospects for sustained cooperation go down. The temptation to defect and become a freeloader goes up."

Conversely, their findings showed that giving players a longer memory, the ability to remember and base decisions on as many as 10 previous rounds of their opponents' actions, led to a greater relative volume of robust cooperative strategies. Part of the reason for this, the researchers said, was because greater memories allowed players to develop a broader array of more nuanced strategies, including ones that could punish individuals for defecting strategies and ensure they didn't take over the population

"A stronger memory allowed players to weed out the rare defector," Plotkin said.

In a final set of experiments, Stewart and Plotkin used computer simulations that allowed the memory capacity of players to evolve alongside the strategies themselves. They found that not only were longer memories favored, but the evolution of longer memories led to an increase in cooperation.

"I think a fascinating takeaway from our study," Stewart said, "is that you can get a set of circumstances where there is a kind of runaway feedback loop. Longer memories promote more cooperation and more cooperation promotes longer memories. That kind of situation, where you go from a simpler system to one that is more complex, is a great example of what evolution does, it leads to more and more complexity."

Alexander J. Stewart et al, Small groups and long memories promote cooperation, Scientific Reports (2016)
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