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Russian secondary peak approaches?

General discussions of the systemic, societal and civilisational effects of depletion.

Russians say they're running out of oil

Unread postby frankthetank » Thu 17 Mar 2005, 17:11:47

http://mosnews.com/money/2005/03/16/oil ... cast.shtml

"The president of the Russian Union of Oil and Gas Producers said on Wednesday, March 16, that the country’s oil exports are in danger unless a program of geological exploration of new oil deposits is introduced..."

and
this is funny

"the government and public opinion stop thinking about the oil and gas industry as some “magic wand that works and works and works and doesn’t ask to eatâ€
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Unread postby cube » Thu 17 Mar 2005, 19:42:04

That's a surprisingly honest statement coming from a CEO or president of an organization. However for anyone who has done their homework...Russia has reached PO back in the 1980's when it was the USSR.
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Unread postby maverickdoc » Thu 17 Mar 2005, 19:44:30

they said they will stop shipping oil by 2010
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Unread postby Phil » Thu 17 Mar 2005, 20:29:00

Apparently Russia was exporting an average of 6.4mbpd last year. That's a lot of oil to be disappearing from the market...
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Unread postby advancedatheist » Thu 17 Mar 2005, 23:05:21

Wait! I thought Russia was sitting on an endless supply of abiotic oil discovered by scientists when Stalin was still running the country. How could the Russians be running out now?
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Unread postby k_semler » Fri 18 Mar 2005, 02:19:09

Ahh, the glory of Communism shines its brilliant light once again! :lol: :roll:
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Unread postby 2007 » Fri 18 Mar 2005, 06:48:56

If I was minister of agitation and propaganda and if I was so lucky somone had informed me of depletion of non-renewable resources - then I could see the spin value of exagerating the decline and thus prepare the customers for times to come.
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Unread postby linlithgowoil » Fri 18 Mar 2005, 07:56:25

putin must know all about peak oil. russians and their media are often very straightforward about upcoming problems - they dont gloss over things as much as we in the west do.

russia might once again be a world superpower with all of its oil and natural gas - i wonder if they'll try to reacquire their old countries lost when the USSR split up?
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Unread postby 2007 » Fri 18 Mar 2005, 08:12:16

I don't think it's the russians ambitions to redraw the maps. Historically, the West has been more in Russia than Russia in the West. My guess is they're for 'assertive independence' - after all, time is in their favour.
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Unread postby Ercole » Fri 18 Mar 2005, 13:01:53

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('linlithgowoil', 'r')ussia might once again be a world superpower with all of its oil and natural gas.


That's a very interesting thought, i only thought about Saudi arabia when I numbered the next richest nations, but yes you're right, Russia, Iran too will be very rich with increasing oil price...

6.4 mbpd when oil hits 100$ will give Russia an extra chance to lead the world, maybe hand in hand with Iran and Arabia...
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Unread postby Ender » Sat 19 Mar 2005, 22:17:31

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('cube', ' ')However for anyone who has done their homework...Russia has reached PO back in the 1980's when it was the USSR.


Yes and no. Its production declined, but not because it hit a geological peak in terms of what we usually think of as PO. It's unlikely to ever get back up to its 1980's levels, so in that sense Russia is post-peak.

But in the context of the current debate, Russia can be thought of as pre-peak, as can Canada, Iran, and a number of other countries whose production declined for various reasons between 1970 and 1990. In Canada's case it comes with the proviso that the tar sands depend on a helluva lot of natgas to extract.

Russia will reach its second peak - the one that matters in this context - around 2008 or 2009.
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Unread postby Russian_Cowboy » Sun 20 Mar 2005, 13:27:18

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('linlithgowoil', 'p')utin must know all about peak oil. russians and their media are often very straightforward about upcoming problems - they dont gloss over things as much as we in the west do.
russia might once again be a world superpower with all of its oil and natural gas - i wonder if they'll try to reacquire their old countries lost when the USSR split up?


In January, Putin said that Russia has enough oil to pump it at the current rate for 55 years. Russian deputy minister of natural resourses said that Russia has 23 bln tons or about 150 Gba of offshore oil. At the same time, there is not enough oil to fill the pipeline to Japan that Russia is building.
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How much oil is left in Russia

Unread postby Russian_Cowboy » Fri 03 Jun 2005, 22:08:04

Many folks here think that Russia has virtually inexhaustible oil reserves. This has nothing to do with the reality.

I fit a Hubbert curve to the USSR production data from 1961 to 1978 when the Soviet economy was very dynamic and the economic crisis of the 1980-s had not yet set in. This way I figured that the ultimate recoverable reserves of the USSR are equal to 235 Gba. This figure:
Image
indicates that by the end of 1998 the (former) USSR produced 136 Gba thus leaving 99 Gba in the ground at that moment.

Using a very liberal estimate that Russia has accounted of about 87% of the USSR oil production, I figured that 99*0.87=86Gba of oil was left in Russia at the end of 1998. To this amount I added approximate estimates of the offshore oil never explored and produced until 1998: 6 Gba (0.8 bln. tonnes) of oil in the north Okhota Sea, 4 Gba in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea, and about 18 Gba (~2.5 bln. tonnes) of Arctic offshore oil located in the Barentz and Kara seas. This makes 86+6+4+18=114 Gba at the end of 1998. Since then Russia produced 17 Gba of oil leaving 114-17=97 Gba waiting to be produced.

At the current rate of production (9.33 Mba/day as of May 2005) Russian oil will be completely depleted in 97/(365.25*0.00933)=28 years. Not to mention that the 24 Gba of the offshore oil in the North Okhota Sea and the Arctic will be EXTREMELY expensive to produce as these seas are covered with ice all the winter and spring and the rigs will have to be protected from drifting ice.
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Unread postby MicroHydro » Fri 03 Jun 2005, 22:37:39

Thank you R_C.

One speculative point. In a couple of decades the arctic could be ice free in the summer. Hard to say if this would help with extraction since the rigs would presumably have to be there all year.
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Unread postby Russian_Cowboy » Fri 03 Jun 2005, 22:57:05

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MicroHydro', 'T')hank you R_C.
One speculative point. In a couple of decades the arctic could be ice free in the summer. Hard to say if this would help with extraction since the rigs would presumably have to be there all year.


True, but there is another factor acting in the opposite direction: the substantial weakening of the Gulf Stream that currently heats the Barentz and Kara seas.
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Unread postby marek » Sat 04 Jun 2005, 00:04:26

Russian_Cowboy,

Thanks for raising the topic of Russian supply. I did a paper on the FSU (not simply Russia but also Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan) and me and Jean Laherrere agree on URR (mine is 255 Gb while Jean's is 250 Gb). As of 2002, 149 Gb has been produced since 1863. That gives us 106 Gb remaining. My forecast shows a second peak in 2009-2010 (not at the midpoint). Jean also has suggested 2010 as the peak. In Lisbon, Ray Leonard (the former vice president of Yukos for exploration and the present executive of the Hungarian company MOL) said he expected output to decline after 2010.
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Unread postby Russian_Cowboy » Sat 04 Jun 2005, 01:18:03

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('marek', 'R')ussian_Cowboy,
Thanks for raising the topic of Russian supply. I did a paper on the FSU (not simply Russia but also Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan) and me and Jean Laherrere agree on URR (mine is 255 Gb while Jean's is 250 Gb). As of 2002, 149 Gb has been produced since 1863. That gives us 106 Gb remaining.


Well, as far as the whole FSU is concerned, my result is 235 Gba for the onshore part of it and the offshore Sakhalin + offshore Azerbaijan. Then you have 20 more Gba in the north Caspian (mostly in Kazakhstan) overlooked in the 70s and 80s. This makes exactly the 255 Gba that you have calculated. However, there is also offshore oil (shelf and deepwater) in the Arctic not accounted for by the Hubbert curve in the 70s. Some of the oilfields in the Russian Arctic are relatively easy to produce, e.g. Prirazlomnoye with 0.6 Gba of recoverable oil (because they are heated by the Gulf Stream and hence are almost ice-free year-round). From what I have read, there are about 5 Gba of recoverable offshore oil in those regions. So, the URR should be bumped to about 260 Gba. Then there are also Arctic offshore fields covered with ice several months a year. These fields are either unexplored or barely explored. The technology is not yet there to produce those oilfields and the market price of oil should be firmly above $60 for the production to start. According to a very rough guess, those fields contain about 20 Gba of recoverable oil. In fact, these deposits may all contain gas instead of oil, nobody knows for sure. Then Russia has some very heavy oil in Siberia and tar sands in Chechnya. However, I have never seen any estimates of the URRs of those deposits.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('marek', 'M')y forecast shows a second peak in 2009-2010 (not at the midpoint). Jean also has suggested 2010 as the peak. In Lisbon, Ray Leonard (the former vice president of Yukos for exploration and the present executive of the Hungarian company MOL) said he expected output to decline after 2010.


This depends on many factors, mostly on the politics. Russia will very likely start declining very slowly next year (either 2005 or 2006 will likely be a peak year). The same is true for all the other former Soviet republics except for Kazakhstan, but even there the politics will be the key to what year the oil will peak.
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Unread postby marek » Sat 04 Jun 2005, 04:15:31

Naturally, given the political situation the statistical fit of the Hubbert curve will be overly optimistic, and the actual production may start declining earlier.
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Unread postby rockdoc123 » Sat 04 Jun 2005, 10:34:16

Hey great post Russian cowboy! just wondering your view on the potential of Eastern Siberia....some say underexplored but not a lot of info available. Also my experience has been that although I believe most of the fields have been discovered by Soviet geologists (who by the way are some of the best to my mind) many of those fields have been abused by poor reservoir management practices....a product of the working environment in Soviet Russia I'm afraid. Is there any extra life that can be dragged out of those fields with remedial secondary recovery efforts? How long could that prolong the production curve?
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Unread postby Russian_Cowboy » Sat 04 Jun 2005, 15:59:43

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', 'H')ey great post Russian cowboy! just wondering your view on the potential of Eastern Siberia....some say underexplored but not a lot of info available.


While this is true, most areas of Eastern Siberia with good prospects for oil have alerady been explored. Despite the enormous size of Eastern Siberial, only two major oilfields have been found and developed: Verkhnechonskoye (~200 mln. tonnes) and Talakan (~150 mln. tonnes). Together they hold about 2.5 Gba of oil. There are also two large undeveloped oilfields in the region: Chayandinskoye with 360 Mba of oil and Lodochnoye with 300 Mba. There are a number of other oilfields in E.Siberia, but they are so tiny, their locations so remote, climate harsh, and the infrastructure non-existent that most of these fields are not likely to be ever developed for oil. They have a lot of natural gas in them though. There are also a few unexpored areas in the Eastern Siberia, but the chances of striking large oillfields there are minute. So, I would expect the Eastern Siberia to have 5 to 9 Gba of onshore oil that can be extracted and transported. Plus about 4 to 8 Gba of oil in the Okhota sea north of the Sakhalin island.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', 'A')lso my experience has been that although I believe most of the fields have been discovered by Soviet geologists (who by the way are some of the best to my mind) many of those fields have been abused by poor reservoir management practices....a product of the working environment in Soviet Russia I'm afraid. Is there any extra life that can be dragged out of those fields with remedial secondary recovery efforts? How long could that prolong the production curve?


This is already being done. Russian oil companies have state-of-the-art technologies. They will also be pumping CO2 into the large depleted oilfields. As far as poor reservoir management practices are concerned, you are right, unfortunately.
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