by gg3 » Sat 24 Mar 2007, 06:41:09
My point about anencephaly is:
No brain, no person.
Same as the definition of death: brain dead = dead.
A heartbeat is not sufficient to establish "life," and human bodies in which the heart is beating but the brain has permanently ceased to function are considered dead, dead, dead.
Thus, a fetus in which there is not a brain, is equivalent to an adult human with a heartbeat but no brain (either via mechanical destruction thereof or via simple absence of activity therein): not a living person. It does not matter if the non-existence of a brain is a developmental matter (i.e. there is not a brain yet but there will be in a few months) or a permanent state of affairs (i.e. ther is not a brain and in this fetus there will never be a brain because the fetus has anencephaly). What matters is whether, at the specific point in time you are considering, the fetus does or does not have a functional brain.
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The idea that "life begins at conception" is a clever piece of propaganda that is designed to circumvent your critical thinking.
First of all, the word "begins" is misleading and deceptive. The word is used as a form of the verb "to be," a kind of future-tense substitute for the word "exists."
If you were to say "a human being exists at conception," clearly that statement would be absurd. The thing that exists at conception is a blastocyst that is no different from the blastocysts of other mammals, and that has no nerve cells much less a functioning brain. If we were to consider it a human body, it would precisely fit the medical and legal definition of brain death: no brain, no brain activity. Therefore it has no moral or legal standing in the state in which it actually exists.
But by saying "begins," you end up with a statement that is literally true but also misleading. "A human being begins at the moment of conception," is as misleading as when Alberto Torquemada said "many things go through my office, of which I am unaware." His statement is literally true, but when said in response to a question about the attorney firings, suggests that that particular matter went through his office without his being aware of it, which, by way of today's document release, is patently false.
For while the fetus without a brain has no moral or legal standing in the state in which it actually exists, the living human which that fetus may become would have moral and legal standing.
The logic error there is the being/becoming error: conflating the end-state of something with its present condition, and thus mapping the moral status of the end-state onto the beginning state.
The other clever bit of deception in that common phrase "life begins at conception" is the use of the word "life." The word is not qualified in any way, for example "a human life," or "every human life." If we were to say "every human life begins with conception," this would be literally true, but it would have no moral implication, any more than the statement "every great song begins with someone singing in the shower."
But the subtle shift created by using the broad generalism of "life" instead of the more specific statement "human life" or "every human life," or some such, has the psychological effect of identifying the person who is speaking with the phenomenon about which they are speaking: "life"-in-general becomes your life and thus something to be defended; and most importantly, defended without questioning.
In much the same manner we could unpack the word "conception," as distinct from implantation in the uterus. Conception after all is meant as the point at which the sperm fuses with the egg: emphasizing the role of the male who provides only the sperm, at the expense of the role of the female who provides both the egg and the uterus. His contribution requires a brief "effort" indeed, but hers requires nine months plus an additional effort we all know by the term labor.
In fact, many are the "conceived" that are not implanted, and are passed out of the body during the menstrual period, and therefore never even have the chance of becoming a human being. If we truly believe that every human life begins at the point of conception, rather than implantation, each of these must somehow be found and catalogued as deaths, as surely as we catalog the deaths of infants during the process of complicated childbirths. As a practical matter this would require that every woman spend a week every month in the hospital whilst the doctors search for evidence of a prospective human during her period.
If we cut through the deliberately misleading usages of words, and try to create a statement that is not only literally true but is also not misleading, where we end up is this:
"A human being exists after a fetus has a functioning brain."
And finally we can begin to clarify the issues of moral standing, one way or the other.