Donate Bitcoin

Donate Paypal


PeakOil is You

PeakOil is You

PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Discussions about the economic and financial ramifications of PEAK OIL

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby some_guy282 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 08:40:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('BigTex', '
')We haven't even started seriously down the whole carpooling thing yet. That's next, and that will provide a lot of relief to some people with long commutes.

Maybe $25 a gallon would start to create some friction.


This is an important point and something I've noticed as well. We're still not carpooling. When suburbanites are finally compelled to *gasp* get into an SUV and commute with, say, 3 other people instead of riding alone they are sharing the cost. So if you have four people sharing that ride and they are all contributing to the cost of the trip equally, at current prices their share is only $1 a gallon. If many individuals are still able to afford $4 a gallon driving by themselves now (with lots of complaining) then how high would the price have to go before it becomes unaffordable even when shared among a group of people? Suddenly the $25 a gallon figure doesn't seem so silly...

Of course that's an overly simplistic analysis, because it ignores other factors like the very real possibility of shortages, what happens to people who can't share the cost of gas by carpooling (like truckers), and, of course, what kinds of stupid government policies we will see during all of this which are almost certain to make the problem worse.
In individuals, insanity is rare; but in groups, parties, nations, and epochs it is the rule. – Nietzsche

Time makes more converts than reason. – Thomas Paine

History is a set of lies agreed upon. – Napoleon Bonaparte
User avatar
some_guy282
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 651
Joined: Sun 18 Jul 2004, 03:00:00

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby vision-master » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 08:50:10

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'O')f course that's an overly simplistic analysis, because it ignores other factors like the very real possibility of shortages, what happens to people who can't share the cost of gas by carpooling (like truckers), and, of course, what kinds of stupid government policies we will see during all of this which are almost certain to make the problem worse.


Like maybe a gas guzzler tax?
Lowering the National speed limit?
Tax incentives for high mileage vehicles?

I know, how about no government policies. Let the free market prevail............ :razz:
vision-master
 

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby TommyJefferson » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 09:23:25

You guys far underestimate people's ability to cope with scarcity.

Actual physical shortages caused by government intervention would produce much protest and anger, but no significant political violence.

Like BigTex said, as with the boiling frog, people will adapt. We are seeing it already. Parking SUV's, carpooling, 4-day workweeks, etc. There is a huge amount of slack in our transportation needs and transportation system that has yet to be taken up.
Conform . Consume . Obey .
User avatar
TommyJefferson
Heavy Crude
Heavy Crude
 
Posts: 1757
Joined: Thu 19 Aug 2004, 03:00:00
Location: Texas and Los Angeles

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Heineken » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 09:50:35

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('BigTex', 'I')'m with VM and others--as long as fuel is available at any price, things are unlikely to get ugly.

It's when it's not available that people are going to start acting crazy.

They're doing $10 a gallon fuel in Britain and the world still turns (I think it does, anyway).

We haven't even started seriously down the whole carpooling thing yet. That's next, and that will provide a lot of relief to some people with long commutes.

Maybe $25 a gallon would start to create some friction.

I think the frog in the boiling water analogy is appropriate here--people will adjust to higher prices without freaking out so long as it is reasonably gradual and fuel is available for SOME price.

The 1970s only got ugly because of price control induced shortages.

To date, I don't think anyone could have predicted how little social unrest would be caused by $4.00 a gallon gas and nearly $5.00 a gallon diesel.


In terms of the matter under discussion, I don't think it's reasonable to compare any European country with North America. Distances in Europe are very much compressed compared with here, and communities are organized around public transport, the bicycle, and walking. In Europe most driving is optional, not necessary to life as it is here (as a result of the decisions and investments we've made as a society). I say that from the perspective of someone who has lived there AND here.

There are probably a few counties in Texas that compare favorably in size to England. And everything in them is all spread out.

Some of you seem out-of-touch with the American masses. There is tremendous friction right now, at $4/gallon, for many poorer people, as MD noted. This friction has the potential to spread rapidly up the economic chain. A rising unemployment rate, driven by higher gas prices, could do that viciously. Even in the lower-middle and middle-middle classes, many families are, right now, just a few paychecks away from starvation. And has been noted, many people are "getting by" by getting deeper into debt. Borrowed money is borrowed time, my friends.

America is organized about 95% around the private automobile. Drive around with eyes wide open and you will see that for yourself. When the millions of Sheetz QuickMarts and Meineke Mufflers and Days Inns and Pizza Theaters go down, so will this country. There is no defense. As Kunstler has observed, we've made our choices and our investments and we will have to live and die with them.

Getting to work by carpooling is all well and fine, but what if people have no job to go to?

Remember, too, that $25 gasoline would not happen in isolation from other price impacts. It is a huge error to overlook this. If gasoline costs $25/gal, milk will cost $30/gal, etc.

And---how are we going to maintain those roads, with tumbling tax revenues and $200 oil? How will we fix the cracks and beat back the overgrowing branches? (This question has been examined in other threads.)
"Actually, humans died out long ago."
---Abused, abandoned hunting dog

"Things have entered a stage where the only change that is possible is for things to get worse."
---I & my bro.
User avatar
Heineken
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 7051
Joined: Tue 14 Sep 2004, 03:00:00
Location: Rural Virginia

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Muckingfess » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:00:52

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('vision-master', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'O')f course that's an overly simplistic analysis, because it ignores other factors like the very real possibility of shortages, what happens to people who can't share the cost of gas by carpooling (like truckers), and, of course, what kinds of stupid government policies we will see during all of this which are almost certain to make the problem worse.


Like maybe a gas guzzler tax?
Lowering the National speed limit?
Tax incentives for high mileage vehicles?

I know, how about no government policies. Let the free market prevail............ :razz:


2 Steps to cut consumption by significant percentage:

Any vehicle on the road must be paid for.
Only citizens are allowed to drive.
A man should never wear a hat that has more character than he does.
User avatar
Muckingfess
Peat
Peat
 
Posts: 110
Joined: Mon 26 May 2008, 03:00:00
Location: Texas
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby some_guy282 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:09:34

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('vision-master', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'O')f course that's an overly simplistic analysis, because it ignores other factors like the very real possibility of shortages, what happens to people who can't share the cost of gas by carpooling (like truckers), and, of course, what kinds of stupid government policies we will see during all of this which are almost certain to make the problem worse.


Like maybe a gas guzzler tax?
Lowering the National speed limit?
Tax incentives for high mileage vehicles?

I know, how about no government policies. Let the free market prevail............ :razz:


Nah. More along the lines of sueing OPEC, preventing commodities traders from buying oil overseas, windfall profits taxes, using a third of our corn crop to replace 3% of our gasoline consumption, subsidizing sure losers like hydrogen, etc....

I don't doubt that there is plenty of good that can be done on the part of government regulation. But when I look at the history of government energy policy and the things we're doing right now, I can't help but feel pessimistic.
In individuals, insanity is rare; but in groups, parties, nations, and epochs it is the rule. – Nietzsche

Time makes more converts than reason. – Thomas Paine

History is a set of lies agreed upon. – Napoleon Bonaparte
User avatar
some_guy282
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 651
Joined: Sun 18 Jul 2004, 03:00:00
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Lumpy » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:16:40

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Heineken', 'A')s important as the price itself is the rate of change. A sudden increase (over the course of, say, a few days or weeks) to $5 or $6 could well spawn panic and chaos.


I think you have hit the nail on the head, here. If we had gone from $1.89 to $4.99 overnight for diesel, for example, the freak-out would have been immediate.

As it is, however, people and the economy have more or less continued to acclimate/adapt, with increasing but gradual levels of discomfort. Obviously, that can only go on for a very finite period of time, though.

Lumpy
"A government big enough to give you everything you want, is strong enough to take everything you have." Thomas Jefferson
User avatar
Lumpy
Lignite
Lignite
 
Posts: 377
Joined: Fri 16 Nov 2007, 04:00:00
Location: Rural Western Idaho
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby some_guy282 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:17:12

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Heineken', 'G')etting to work by carpooling is all well and fine, but what if people have no job to go to?


Well, then they don't have to worry about the price of gasoline at all! Problem solved.

[smilie=eusa_clap.gif]
In individuals, insanity is rare; but in groups, parties, nations, and epochs it is the rule. – Nietzsche

Time makes more converts than reason. – Thomas Paine

History is a set of lies agreed upon. – Napoleon Bonaparte
User avatar
some_guy282
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 651
Joined: Sun 18 Jul 2004, 03:00:00
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Byron100 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:20:17

What I don't understand is why the federal government isn't pressuring employers to raise wages like they did in the '70's. Sure, prices went to the moon back then, but so did wages. Remember when getting the "COL" was virtually a God-given right?

I really wish Americans would get back on the union bandwagon and start staging some crippling strikes....starting with the lower-level service workers. Imagine if every grocery store clerk in the USA went on strike for a month, or two?

Now, that's the kind of thing I wanna see go down in this country. :wink:
Nowhere to run, nowhere to hide...
...and the meek shall inherit the Earth!
User avatar
Byron100
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 973
Joined: Thu 08 Sep 2005, 03:00:00
Location: Atlanta, GA

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Byron100 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:25:25

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Lumpy', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Heineken', 'A')s important as the price itself is the rate of change. A sudden increase (over the course of, say, a few days or weeks) to $5 or $6 could well spawn panic and chaos.


I think you have hit the nail on the head, here. If we had gone from $1.89 to $4.99 overnight for diesel, for example, the freak-out would have been immediate.

As it is, however, people and the economy have more or less continued to acclimate/adapt, with increasing but gradual levels of discomfort. Obviously, that can only go on for a very finite period of time, though.

Lumpy


Yeah, that's why I'd give anything to see a "hat trick" of Cat 5s in the Gulf this summer, as well as massive mayhem in the Middle East, which would surely cause a doubling of fuel prices, not to mention severe, weeks-long shortages. This death by a 1000 cuts is taking way too long for me...I wanna see this go down fast...LOL. :twisted:

America needs a really swift, vicious kick in the butt, and we need it soon.
Nowhere to run, nowhere to hide...
...and the meek shall inherit the Earth!
User avatar
Byron100
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 973
Joined: Thu 08 Sep 2005, 03:00:00
Location: Atlanta, GA
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby some_guy282 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:26:28

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Byron100', 'W')hat I don't understand is why the federal government isn't pressuring employers to raise wages like they did in the '70's. Sure, prices went to the moon back then, but so did wages.



In terms of gasoline (and oil) prices it would be a wash. If people had more money to afford gasoline, consumption would increase. Without a corresponding increase in the supply, the price of gasoline would continue creeping up again until it reached a level that caused pain and curbed people's driving habit's again.



$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I') really wish Americans would get back on the union bandwagon and start staging some crippling strikes....starting with the lower-level service workers. Imagine if every grocery store clerk in the USA went on strike for a month, or two?



This makes me think of the unions being scape goated for the hyper inflation in Germany for daring to demand a wage that kept up with the cost of living...
In individuals, insanity is rare; but in groups, parties, nations, and epochs it is the rule. – Nietzsche

Time makes more converts than reason. – Thomas Paine

History is a set of lies agreed upon. – Napoleon Bonaparte
User avatar
some_guy282
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 651
Joined: Sun 18 Jul 2004, 03:00:00
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Byron100 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 10:34:46

The ironic thing about all of this is that having a tremendous number of people not working, either unemployed or on never-ending strikes, is actually the best way to deal with declining supplies of energy. The less people working, the less energy consumed, plain and simple.

Putting America on "idle" would do more to reduce energy use than any "solution" that's ever been put forth on this board. You can take that to the bank. :o
Nowhere to run, nowhere to hide...
...and the meek shall inherit the Earth!
User avatar
Byron100
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 973
Joined: Thu 08 Sep 2005, 03:00:00
Location: Atlanta, GA

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Heineken » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 13:36:36

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Byron100', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Lumpy', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Heineken', 'A')s important as the price itself is the rate of change. A sudden increase (over the course of, say, a few days or weeks) to $5 or $6 could well spawn panic and chaos.


I think you have hit the nail on the head, here. If we had gone from $1.89 to $4.99 overnight for diesel, for example, the freak-out would have been immediate.

As it is, however, people and the economy have more or less continued to acclimate/adapt, with increasing but gradual levels of discomfort. Obviously, that can only go on for a very finite period of time, though.

Lumpy


Yeah, that's why I'd give anything to see a "hat trick" of Cat 5s in the Gulf this summer, as well as massive mayhem in the Middle East, which would surely cause a doubling of fuel prices, not to mention severe, weeks-long shortages. This death by a 1000 cuts is taking way too long for me...I wanna see this go down fast...LOL. :twisted:

America needs a really swift, vicious kick in the butt, and we need it soon.


I used to feel that way, but I don't any more, Byron.

I'm scared. For me, my family, my dog.

I worry a lot about my dog! Not being able to feed her properly, or give her her heartworm/whipworm medicine. She is a sweet little girl; I love her so.

And I'm scared for good guys like you.
"Actually, humans died out long ago."
---Abused, abandoned hunting dog

"Things have entered a stage where the only change that is possible is for things to get worse."
---I & my bro.
User avatar
Heineken
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 7051
Joined: Tue 14 Sep 2004, 03:00:00
Location: Rural Virginia
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Byron100 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 14:14:05

Yeah, I'm scared too. But what to do about it? Good house in a good neighborhood, check. Low debt load, check. Short-term stockpile of food and other necessities, check. Learning to live without a 9-5 job, check. Living without pets, check. Learning to live without the use of a car - currently in progress. Turning my wooded suburban lot into an agricultural powerhouse, in my dreams...LOL. Learning to live without asthma meds, prognosis not good. Hopefully I'll be able to just stick with Albuterol...at $7 every six weeks, I do think I'll able to afford that for quite some time yet...hehe.

But yeah, I can't do everything to get ready for the post-peak era, nobody can. But gosh, I don't know what's going to kill me first, the waiting or the actual calamity of what's to come. :?

But one big reason I'm so impatient for things to "hurry up and get going" is that it'll at least start us on the path to living without fossil fuels and to jettison total non-life sustaining economic sectors which *might* keep things glued together for the next couple of decades...i.e., my 40's and 50's.

I'm more than ready for the '70's...I'm living them now. I'm bracing myself to live the '30's, and I don't think I'm too far from there already. That I can handle. Going back to the Dark Ages, I cannot. I'll be worm food if that happens...there's just no denying that. But I just don't think that's on the horizon, not yet. Rome didn't fall in a day, and neither will we....I hope!
Nowhere to run, nowhere to hide...
...and the meek shall inherit the Earth!
User avatar
Byron100
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 973
Joined: Thu 08 Sep 2005, 03:00:00
Location: Atlanta, GA

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Heineken » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 14:31:24

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Byron100', 'Y')eah, I'm scared too. But what to do about it? Good house in a good neighborhood, check. Low debt load, check. Short-term stockpile of food and other necessities, check. Learning to live without a 9-5 job, check. Living without pets, check. Learning to live without the use of a car - currently in progress. Turning my wooded suburban lot into an agricultural powerhouse, in my dreams...LOL. Learning to live without asthma meds, prognosis not good. Hopefully I'll be able to just stick with Albuterol...at $7 every six weeks, I do think I'll able to afford that for quite some time yet...hehe.

But yeah, I can't do everything to get ready for the post-peak era, nobody can. But gosh, I don't know what's going to kill me first, the waiting or the actual calamity of what's to come. :?

But one big reason I'm so impatient for things to "hurry up and get going" is that it'll at least start us on the path to living without fossil fuels and to jettison total non-life sustaining economic sectors which *might* keep things glued together for the next couple of decades...i.e., my 40's and 50's.

I'm more than ready for the '70's...I'm living them now. I'm bracing myself to live the '30's, and I don't think I'm too far from there already. That I can handle. Going back to the Dark Ages, I cannot. I'll be worm food if that happens...there's just no denying that. But I just don't think that's on the horizon, not yet. Rome didn't fall in a day, and neither will we....I hope!


Anyway, I see little to root for, Byron. The excitement value of these events is quickly overwhelmed by the personal pain.
"Actually, humans died out long ago."
---Abused, abandoned hunting dog

"Things have entered a stage where the only change that is possible is for things to get worse."
---I & my bro.
User avatar
Heineken
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 7051
Joined: Tue 14 Sep 2004, 03:00:00
Location: Rural Virginia
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Plantagenet » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 14:42:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Byron100', ' ')one big reason I'm so impatient for things to "hurry up and get going" is that it'll at least start us on the path to living without fossil fuels


Its more likely we are on the path to living with dirtier fossil fuels....as we use up oil we are on the path to go to more exploitation of coal and oil shale and tar sands and methane hydrates.
User avatar
Plantagenet
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 26765
Joined: Mon 09 Apr 2007, 03:00:00
Location: Alaska (its much bigger than Texas).
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Cashmere » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 15:01:36

Big Tex, I usually agree with your analysis, but I can't on this one.

UK is NOT the U.S..

Look at it this way - gas at 12 bucks a gallon is an inconvenience if all you're concerned about is Manhattan.

The U.S. is car based.

Also, did you say 25 bucks a gallon?

Seriously Tex, you need to keep thinking about this.

At 10 bucks a gallon, the average car is a 150-200 dollar fill up.

For anybody making 10 bucks or less an hour, that's 1/2 their paycheck. How many Americans are making 10 or less an hour?

20%?

That means they can't drive.

If you price 20% out of the market, there will be ramifications, and it won't simply be carpooling.
Massive Human Dieoff <b>must</b> occur as a result of Peak Oil. Many more than half will die. It will occur everywhere, including where <b>you</b> live. If you fail to recognize this, then your odds of living move toward the "going to die" group.
User avatar
Cashmere
Heavy Crude
Heavy Crude
 
Posts: 1882
Joined: Thu 27 Mar 2008, 03:00:00

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby BigTex » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 15:07:25

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Cashmere', 'B')ig Tex, I usually agree with your analysis, but I can't on this one.

UK is NOT the U.S..

Look at it this way - gas at 12 bucks a gallon is an inconvenience if all you're concerned about is Manhattan.

The U.S. is car based.

Also, did you say 25 bucks a gallon?

Seriously Tex, you need to keep thinking about this.

At 10 bucks a gallon, the average car is a 150-200 dollar fill up.

For anybody making 10 bucks or less an hour, that's 1/2 their paycheck. How many Americans are making 10 or less an hour?

20%?

That means they can't drive.

If you price 20% out of the market, there will be ramifications, and it won't simply be carpooling.


Yep. You're right.

But for some, carpooling would be one way of coping with high prices.

When I look around during rush hour and every car has four people in it rather than one and people still can't get to work economically, then we will be in trouble.

We will probably get there, but I think that carpooling will be an intermediate mitigation effort that will probably relieve some of the gas price tension that would otherwise translate into social unrest.

Also, the inflation story will have a lot to say about the price at which things get ugly.

If the price of everything is going up rapidly, including wages, then a certain price point of gas might not be as disruptive as we would think.

I agree with you though that people are going to get pissed at a certain point and start acting crazy.
:)
User avatar
BigTex
Intermediate Crude
Intermediate Crude
 
Posts: 3858
Joined: Thu 03 Aug 2006, 03:00:00
Location: Graceland
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby FoolYap » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 15:20:15

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Byron100', 'W')hat I don't understand is why the federal government isn't pressuring employers to raise wages like they did in the '70's.


Ha ha ha! Good one! :lol: :lol: :lol:

Because our government works for us and not for big corporate interests, that's exactly what I'd expect them to do. :roll:

--Steve
User avatar
FoolYap
Coal
Coal
 
Posts: 472
Joined: Sun 04 Sep 2005, 03:00:00
Location: central MA, USA
Top

Re: PRICE at which gas will finally cause panic and chaos

Unread postby Byron100 » Sun 15 Jun 2008, 15:39:07

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Heineken', '
')Anyway, I see little to root for, Byron. The excitement value of these events is quickly overwhelmed by the personal pain.


While I'm certainly not rooting for the Great Calamity to start tomorrow, I am (have been for ages) rooting for the end of the so-called modern era, for it's not worked out well for me. Sure, I enjoy the very high standard of living that cheap energy has given us, but I've always felt out of sync with this era. Doing the same job, every day, for years, that hasn't worked for me. "Playing the game" in order to get ahead in a "career"...what a load of crock. Every attempt I've made to try and achieve "success" has been met with bad karma and voo doo of almost every sort. What is it with people that put the almighty dollar as well as "status" over everything else in life? And what is it about swearing loyalty with your very soul for the people "you work for"? Jesus, Hail Mary, I didn't get born into this era to deal with that level of insanity.

Want some other examples of why this era doesn't "fit" me? I down an "energy drink". Guess what happens? I'm a-snoozin' in 45 minutes. Yep. Flat asleep in the middle of the day from something that's supposed to be liquid speed. I try pills for depression. Result? A mental black hole. Nasty. The marketing I'm exposed to on a daily basis makes no sense to me. It's all so...banal, to put it lightly. And yes, it does feel lonely sometimes, being such a "forward thinker" in the world of the here and now, having to hear people complain about high energy prices for all the wrong reasons - when they just don't get the idea that we're using up a *finite* supply.

And yes, I do believe going into "crisis" now, while we're at the very *top* of the peak is far more preferable than ramming everything we can get our hands on into our energy-guzzling economy, and then crashing ourselves into total Doomland later on down the line. There is so much slack that we can take out of our lives, if we're given hard enough of a bitch-slap, that is. There's something to be said about the sharp clarity of focus of a major crisis-level event than a gradual, never-ending decline that eats away at the fabric of society a little bit at a time.

And it'll be painful - no doubt about that. But maybe, just maybe, I'll be able to do something a bit more useful and fulfilling with my life...poverty and hardship be dammed.
Nowhere to run, nowhere to hide...
...and the meek shall inherit the Earth!
User avatar
Byron100
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 973
Joined: Thu 08 Sep 2005, 03:00:00
Location: Atlanta, GA
Top

PreviousNext

Return to Economics & Finance

Who is online

Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 1 guest

cron