by yeahbut » Mon 09 Jun 2008, 16:19:24
I also read those links a few days back, punk, and I have to say I agree with btu on this one. They appear very different , but they're very similar in their emotive, ideological interpretations of anthropological research.
There is a vigorous and ongoing debate occurring on subjects like the megafauna extinctions, Easter Island et al. It's certainly not at a stage where it can be written off as crap.
New Zealand's example is dismissed in the article you link to, because it is a group of islands and therefore bears no resemblance to what happens on continents. This also seems a bit hasty to me. NZ isn't Tonga, it's a pretty decent size. Single slaughtering sites containing the remains of 90,000 of the giant flightless bird Moa are on the record here. At the very least it must give some insights into how fast human populations can increase when they encounter plenty(it seems likely that NZ was settled by only a few thousand people, possibly only a few hundred), and the damage hunter-gatherers can do when they encounter 'naive' species of animals that have not seen humans before.
The debate on climate change vs, humans re megafauna extinctions is a fascinating one, and has been going on at least since 1967 when Paul Martin proposed the overkill theory. If you approach it without too many preconceptions there is a lot to learn. There are problems with both arguments. Some problems with 'humans did it': there appear to be places around the world where large animals become extinct in the late Pleistocene before human arrival; some(controversial)evidence that Clovis peoples weren't the first humans in North America; Clovis spear tips so far found only in association with mammoth and mastodon remains. Some problems with climate change: there is little significant climate change in Australia when most of it's megafauna disappears, but humans are there; there had been many previous cycles of glacial and inter-glacial climate change just as extreme as this one without the megafauna becoming extinct; historical record of human-induced megafauna extinctions. There is a good range of articles that provide evidence for/against each of those points and many more here:
linkI suspect that this one is the most likely scenario:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ')ScienceDaily (Oct. 4, 2004) — Berkeley - A University of California, Berkeley, paleobiologist and his colleagues warn that the future of the Earth's mammals could be as dire as it was between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago, when a combination of climate change and human pressure resulted in the extinction of two-thirds of all large mammals on the planet.
Paleobiologist Anthony D. Barnosky and his colleagues reached this conclusion after review of studies of the extensive large mammal, or megafauna, extinctions that occurred in the late Pleistocene, when animals such as mammoths and mastodons, the saber-toothed cat, ground sloths and native American horses and camels went extinct.
But in a review appearing in the Oct. 1 issue of Science, Barnosky and his colleagues conclude that climate change also played a big role in driving these extinctions.
"There's been a lot of talk about people causing the extinction of the megafauna by killing everything they saw, like a blitzkrieg," said Barnosky. "But if you look at all the evidence, it's clear that while humans had a major role in these extinctions, in many cases climate change was a key part of the recipe.
"Humans and climate change were the one-two punch that drove extinction between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago, and the same thing is happening in a major way today."
But who knows for sure? It's too early to say.This one's set to run and run; crap? I really don't think so. I think the reason some resist the idea of 'primitive' peoples causing extinctions is because it threatens the notion that these people were in balance with their environment, but it doesn't, actually. Even if it can one day be shown incontrovertibly that 'humans did it'(highly unlikely given the amount of time that has passed and evidence that has been lost), that would just show what happened when they first arrived. Yes they made mistakes, and yes they damaged ecosystems unprepared for them and which they did not yet fully understand. But that doesn't mean they didn't learn, and come to live in balance over time. Many 'primitive' peoples in Australia, the Americas and elsewhere seem to have arrived at very sustainable, respectful systems of living indeed. The notion of 'first-wave' extinctions does not undermine this.
Finally, I understand the despair you feel when you look at the world and see the terrible destruction our civilisation is wreaking upon it. A good rant is probably a very sane response, but it won't get you far without some facts to back it up Stick with that more even tone and try not to get riled by the wind-up attempts and insults dressed up as cod-psychological insights. btu has some infuriating tactics(altho as he rightly pointed out, and you acknowledge, you went there too) but if you ignore those and don't rise to them (speaking from personal experience!), he has many interesting and challenging ideas to address. Stick with it, you don't need to wait two years to post again IMHO, but be prepared to have your ideas, and in particular, sweeping statements with little evidential backup, to be vigorously challenged at every turn