Donate Bitcoin

Donate Paypal


PeakOil is You

PeakOil is You

Mathematical Mysteries

What's on your mind?
General interest discussions, not necessarily related to depletion.

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby mekrob » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 14:06:39

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Carlhole', 'h')ttp://zappinternet.com/index.php?video=FuMkVebYot


What? That makes no sense. Explain, please.
I want to put out the fires of Hell, and burn down the rewards of Paradise. They block the way to God. I do not want to worship from fear of punishment or for the promise of reward, but simply for the love of God. - Rabia
mekrob
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 2408
Joined: Fri 09 Dec 2005, 04:00:00

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 17:42:47

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Andrew_S', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('PenultimateManStanding', ' ')Same thing goes for pi: it's a symbol for a number that doesn't exist. It is a very important ratio but it can't be written with numbers.


Isn't it a bit extreme to say they don't exist? True they cannot be written down to 100% exactness but they can be conceived as existing in the limit.
you have to expand your idea of what a number is to include those that can't actually be written down is my point. The idea of pi is as sharp and clear as can be. The same situation is more obvious with radical 5. Radical 5 is the number which when squared gives five. But any numerical expression of it is inadequate in that it won't give 5. Hence, the decimal number that gives 5 when squared doesn't exist.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 17:47:22

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('mekrob', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Carlhole', 'h')ttp://zappinternet.com/index.php?video=FuMkVebYot


What? That makes no sense. Explain, please.
yeah, that looks interesting. Sort of like those diagrams in the movie Good Will Hunting.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby Licho » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 17:55:51

Well even 1/3 cannot be written down in decimal fixed point notation so what??

I mean how can you say it doesnt exist. You just cannot represent it using finite number of symbols in one kind of notation. But that doesnt mean anything..

I cannot express how I feel about certain people using words. But that doesnt mean they dont exist :)
User avatar
Licho
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 833
Joined: Mon 31 May 2004, 03:00:00
Location: Brno, Czech rep., EU

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby JustinFrankl » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 18:11:28

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('mekrob', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Carlhole', 'h')ttp://zappinternet.com/index.php?video=FuMkVebYot


What? That makes no sense. Explain, please.

It's a graphical method of multiplying two numbers. And nowhere near as complicated as what Will Hunting was doing.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('smallpoxgirl', 'W')eird! Does that actually work?

Yes. Pretty cool, huh?
"We have seen the enemy, and he is us." -- Walt Kelly
JustinFrankl
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 623
Joined: Mon 22 Aug 2005, 03:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 18:44:54

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Licho', 'W')ell even 1/3 cannot be written down in decimal fixed point notation so what??

I mean how can you say it doesnt exist. You just cannot represent it using finite number of symbols in one kind of notation. But that doesnt mean anything..

sure, but 1/3 can be written as a ratio. Any repeating decimal can be written as a ratio of two numbers. I'm not saying that the square root of 5 doesn't exist, just not as anything one can write down as a measurable quantity using simple numbers and ratios. That why there has to be a radical sign: it's the only way to accurately and exactly represent the number. Also, one third can be written as 0.1 in a base three number system. Can't do that with radical 5.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 21:46:31

I enjoy thinking about this stuff like Raph enjoys his mythology. It's interesting to me that radical 5 can be constructed geometrically. It turns up in the construction of a pentagon. In that case, though, the unit of measurement and the radical 5 length are incommensurate. The whole business of incommensurate lengths is what threw the Greek mathematicians for a loop when they discovered it. We tend to think more algebraically and more with numbers than geometrically as the Greeks did. So from a geometrical perspective, one can say that radical five is very much a real length, it just doesn't have a common length with 1. But from that it follows that it can't be measured since all measurements are done with units of measurement. And Raph, your friend Isaac Newton was also very adept at geometry.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Sun 28 Jan 2007, 21:57:02

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', 'e')dit: nevermind, don't know what I was thinking
I'm interested in what you have to say JF. If you recognized the math in Good Will Hunting then you've probably gone further than I have. I majored in Geology but have taken extra courses through the years and now have about the equivalent of a Bachelors degree in math. It looked pretty arcane to me in that movie but I thought it looked like some kind of advanced group theory, but I really haven't a clue about it. I would not want to mislead any pupils about anything. Please share your thoughts if they might be edifying.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby JustinFrankl » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 00:32:50

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('PenultimateManStanding', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', 'e')dit: nevermind, don't know what I was thinking
I'm interested in what you have to say JF. If you recognized the math in Good Will Hunting then you've probably gone further than I have. I majored in Geology but have taken extra courses through the years and now have about the equivalent of a Bachelors degree in math. It looked pretty arcane to me in that movie but I thought it looked like some kind of advanced group theory, but I really haven't a clue about it. I would not want to mislead any pupils about anything. Please share your thoughts if they might be edifying.

My edited post was just because I didn't think something through before I hit submit. :oops:

Natural logarithms are computed with base e, another irrational number. How would you represent e in base e? How would you represent radical 5 in base radical 5 (ignoring the more important question, why would you want to)?

The two chalkboard problems presented in Good Will Hunting are graph theory problems, solvable by most graduate students who have taken a course in graph theory. I have not taken such a course, but took a few semesters of linear algebra and studied differential equations on my own, and recognized the first chalkboard problem in the movie, but not the second.

Numbers are an incredible idea, and we have done amazing things through science with our understanding of mathematics, but a number is still an abstraction, and does not ever fully represent the reality we attempt to model with it.

But wonderful things do happen when our models get close to reality, enabling a view into the inner workings of the universe.

I have no idea if I have contributed anything edifying. 8)
"We have seen the enemy, and he is us." -- Walt Kelly
JustinFrankl
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 623
Joined: Mon 22 Aug 2005, 03:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby smallpoxgirl » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 02:57:18

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', 'N')atural logarithms are computed with base e, another irrational number. How would you represent e in base e? How would you represent radical 5 in base radical 5 (ignoring the more important question, why would you want to)?


e in base e is 1. Same for radical 5 in base radical 5
"We were standing on the edges
Of a thousand burning bridges
Sifting through the ashes every day
What we thought would never end
Now is nothing more than a memory
The way things were before
I lost my way" - OCMS
User avatar
smallpoxgirl
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 7258
Joined: Mon 08 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 11:02:39

doesn't seem to me that a logarithmic base is the same as a number system base. A number system in base radical 5 doesn't make any sense because the bases have to be whole counting numbers. There's the binary numbers, octal, decimal, hexadecimal, ect. all whole numbers, and one could set up a base 5 system too, but not base radical five. If I wrong, I can't think of how it would be done at the moment.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby JustinFrankl » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 11:04:57

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('smallpoxgirl', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', 'N')atural logarithms are computed with base e, another irrational number. How would you represent e in base e? How would you represent radical 5 in base radical 5 (ignoring the more important question, why would you want to)?


e in base e is 1. Same for radical 5 in base radical 5

Then how would you represent 10 in base 10?

Maybe you forgot to carry something?

All your base are belong to us. 8)
"We have seen the enemy, and he is us." -- Walt Kelly
JustinFrankl
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 623
Joined: Mon 22 Aug 2005, 03:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 11:18:57

another way to put it: how does one count using a continuous function?
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby smallpoxgirl » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 11:29:02

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'e') in base e is 1. Same for radical 5 in base radical 5

Then how would you represent 10 in base 10?

Maybe you forgot to carry something?


Doh! You're right. It is 10 isn't it.
Last edited by smallpoxgirl on Mon 29 Jan 2007, 12:43:57, edited 1 time in total.
"We were standing on the edges
Of a thousand burning bridges
Sifting through the ashes every day
What we thought would never end
Now is nothing more than a memory
The way things were before
I lost my way" - OCMS
User avatar
smallpoxgirl
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 7258
Joined: Mon 08 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby JustinFrankl » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 11:34:21

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('PenultimateManStanding', 'd')oesn't seem to me that a logarithmic base is the same as a number system base. A number system in base radical 5 doesn't make any sense because the bases have to be whole counting numbers. There's the binary numbers, octal, decimal, hexadecimal, ect. all whole numbers, and one could set up a base 5 system too, but not base radical five. If I wrong, I can't think of how it would be done at the moment.

It's the same. The bases don't have to be whole counting numbers. Each position in an ordinal system represents the base of that system to the power of the position minus one. 673 in base 10 is 6*10^(3-1) + 7*10^(2-1) + 3*10^(1-1).

All kidding aside for SPG, e in base e is 10, as it equals 1*e^(2-1) + 0*e^(1-1). The same as radical 5 in base radical 5, or pi in base pi, 10. My point was that irrational numbers can be wholly represented by integers. It still isn't necessarily useful.
"We have seen the enemy, and he is us." -- Walt Kelly
JustinFrankl
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 623
Joined: Mon 22 Aug 2005, 03:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 11:40:29

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', ' ')My point was that irrational numbers can be wholly represented by integers. It still isn't necessarily useful.
but can one actually count using logarithms? Stating the value of radical 5 using a logarithm or exponential function just begs the question, much like writing radical 5 as far as I can see. a number system has to be discrete, based on the simple act of counting.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby JustinFrankl » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 14:50:07

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('PenultimateManStanding', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', ' ')My point was that irrational numbers can be wholly represented by integers. It still isn't necessarily useful.
but can one actually count using logarithms? Stating the value of radical 5 using a logarithm or exponential function just begs the question, much like writing radical 5 as far as I can see. a number system has to be discrete, based on the simple act of counting.

The number system doesn't have to be discrete, it's just that humans have a hard time conceptualizing the world in a continuous manner. The world is continuous, we tend to perceive it discretely. Which makes our accomplishments in mathematics and science all the more remarkable.

pi. The ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle is given its own symbol because of its importance, yet cannot be accurately represented using our number system. In most cases, because of other noise in the system, an approximation is good enough. But, perhaps also importantly, perfect circles and spheres do not exist in "nature". Clouds, rocks, cows, the human skull are all better descibed using fractal patterns than modelling them as spheres. The circle itself is an abstract pattern, where most people think of it as a continuous line (it is), the circle only exists in an abstract euclidean plane where the continuous circle is the set of all points equidistant from a given center. The picture isn't the circle, in the same way the word isn't the idea, nor the map the territory. As an abstraction, it will have its limitations. Our inability to numerically represent pi is one of them.

But you're right, in order to be useful to most people, a number system would have to be discrete. Irrational bases are probably only of theoretical (i.e., geek) value.
"We have seen the enemy, and he is us." -- Walt Kelly
JustinFrankl
Tar Sands
Tar Sands
 
Posts: 623
Joined: Mon 22 Aug 2005, 03:00:00
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 16:42:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', '
')But you're right, in order to be useful to most people, a number system would have to be discrete. Irrational bases are probably only of theoretical (i.e., geek) value.
I don't mind if it's geek stuff. I just don't understand how a number system can be set up if it isn't constructed from the usual discrete cycles, i.e. cycles of units, then cycles of discrete sets of higher powers and negative powers for measurements less than one unit. It seems to me that irrationals could not be a basis; how can we build cycles if there is no discrete finite number of elements to make up each cycle? I guess my question for you JF, is this: do you have an understanding of how a number system would function with an irrational base or are you figuring, "sure, there probably is one"? I mean, if you know how it would work, I'd be very interested if you could sketch it out.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 17:04:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JustinFrankl', '
')The number system doesn't have to be discrete, it's just that humans have a hard time conceptualizing the world in a continuous manner. The world is continuous, we tend to perceive it discretely. Which makes our accomplishments in mathematics and science all the more remarkable.
Is the world really continuous? I would say that based on what I've read in some Scientific American articles that the quantum idea may permeate right down to quanta of time and space and that reality is actually not continuous, as bizarre as that may seem. It only appears continuous to us from statistical aggregates and so on! (heh heh, weird but true?) Anyway, the concepts of numbers are built from simple ideas and expanded. The primary principle is counting, and all is built upon that. Counting is by definition discrete. Tell me, how does one count up to radical 5?
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There
Top

Re: Mathematical Mysteries

Unread postby PenultimateManStanding » Mon 29 Jan 2007, 20:58:11

There is a problem in mathematics that was apparently resolved by Richard Dedekind; the problem of the "contradiction between the continuous nature of the number line continuum and the discrete nature of the numbers themselves." (from wiki on the Dedekind cut) I took a course in the Foundations Of Mathematics once about 15 years ago where this came up.) I knew the notation for set theory a bit better back then. But I'm still puzzled by this since the theory seems to be that all the irrationals can be placed on a number line in principle and that there are no "gaps". We also covered Cantor's work in that very interesting class and there I learned that rational numbers can be mapped one-to-one onto the integers so that rationals are "countable". But irrationals cannot be counted and they constitute a higher order infinite set. In other words, the rational numbers are like islands in a sea of irrationals. It would seem to me that most of these irrational numbers have no name or expression, that they exist only in principle and we could never hope to even begin to know them and their properties except for a very few such as roots and pi and euler's number, etc.

once again, I fail to see how any number system could use an irrational base since number systems are based on the principle of counting and irrationals are not countable. I'm waiting.
User avatar
PenultimateManStanding
Expert
Expert
 
Posts: 11363
Joined: Sun 28 Nov 2004, 04:00:00
Location: Neither Here Nor There

PreviousNext

Return to Open Topic Discussion

Who is online

Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 1 guest