by MrBill » Tue 08 Aug 2006, 03:39:43
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '"')As I have said, the law of supply and demand has been stood on its head regarding oil. Puzzle me this: Actual world production has been level since May 2005, yet energy needs have been rising and are expected to continue to do so. If the Saudi’s have so much spare oil to sell—and no buyers--, why has the price not fallen?"
This is my take....
Once all the storage tanks, pipelines, leased tankers used for extra storage, and Saudi bathtubs are all full, then those who have physical storage can sell crude forward with relative comfort as
a) the forward curve is in contango, so they are being paid to store oil at the cost of full carry,
b) they have the physical crude to replace any drawdowns, so they are not worried about getting caught short if oil prices spike to $100,
c) they know the bottleneck is refining capacity, so there is enough crude to keep the refineries running, so long as they do not sell gasoline itself short, and the gasoline curve is in backwardation indicating a preference for prompt delivery during the summer driving season and the changeover to ethanol RBOB from MTBE unleaded,
d) a wall of speculative money has been thrown at the futures market, all from the longside, on the back of the commodity bull market story, and $80-100 billion 'simulates' a lot of actual physical demand,
e) these speculative longs are kept going by the news out of Iran, Iraq, Nigeria, N. Korea, Prudhoe Bay, the hurricane season just getting under way, etc.
f) OPEC players like Iran and Venezuela have discovered they can achieve outside of OPEC, as the spoilers, what they never could achieve in OPEC, as the hawks, and they are loving their new role,
g) although there is likely enough crude available, the chances of a glut are slim, so no one is taking large bets in the other direction, just quietly selling a portion of their longs forward and locking in progressively higher prices on a rolling forward basis,
h) as news of any new refining capacity likely to come on line and threaten to deluge the market with excess supply of finished product will be factored in long in advance by the commercial hedgers,
i) Chinese growth continues to surprise to the upside, so global demand is expanding,
j) a weaker USD leads to nominally higher crude prices in US dollars, even though those prices are not passed directly through in euros, yuan or yen (more so), and
k) so far $3.00 gasoline has only lead to a drop in potential demand, not actual demand, which is still up 1.8-2.0% year on year, indicating that at least for gasoline and diesel, where there are few alternatives, the US economy is still absorbing those higher prices despite higher interest rates as well,
l) even though overall demand including manufacturing is down (-0.5-1.5%) as producers switch to coal, natural gas, hydro, etc.
In summary, the commercials are making money, not just because the price of crude is higher, but because the paper speculators have provided them with a golden opportunity to sell production forward without causing the price to fall.
The organized state is a wonderful invention whereby everyone can live at someone else's expense.