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2005 Discoveries

Discuss research and forecasts regarding hydrocarbon depletion.

Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Mon 13 Feb 2006, 23:48:48

Well, I wouldn't feel bad about being an "amateur" when those of us who do it for a living consistently underestimate initial discoveries nearly right across the board.

There are general rules of thumb starting with Hubbert and Arrington and Roots work on reserve growth, the problem is generally the scheduling issue, and if someone is trying to use backdating numbers to make a point rather than honestly examine the effect.

For example....lets say a given years discoveries are 10 BBO or thereabouts....except after 80 years of production the actual discovered volumes on the intial 10BBO is now 100BBO.....maybe more, maybe less. How these additional producable volumes get layered into the system is the hard part....it doesn't arrive all at once or evenly , some models have it arriving faster than others, and some people want to ignore it completely because it upsets their static view of the problem.

The reason why its a killer for most general modelling techniques is obvious, ending up with perhaps 10X the initial discovery volumes is tough to accomodate if the goal to declare peak oil next week.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby clv101 » Tue 14 Feb 2006, 13:47:59

Could the fact that these numbers are larger than Campbell’s be because Campbell is counting new discovery made today in a field originally discovered in say 1980 as a 1980 discovery and not a 2006 discovery. Booking reserves for the year the field was originally discovered?
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby pup55 » Tue 14 Feb 2006, 14:25:35

Possibly. Or he could have a better and more comprehensive database of discoveries in which he can do a better job of eliminating the double-announcements.

I have not been at it long enough to be able to understand whether it is typical to make a preliminary field size estimate, then after a few test wells, make a secondary announcement about the test well results. If such a thing happened, that would be a double entry for me, but he might be able to refine his estimate.

Anyway when Campbell's estimate of 2005 discoveries is published, I would be delighted to hear what it is.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby Taskforce_Unity » Sat 18 Feb 2006, 11:32:09

IHS Energy number for 2004:

7.7 billion barrels (oil + condensate + deepwater)

IHS Energy number for 2005:

somewhere around 7 billion barrels
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby pup55 » Sat 18 Feb 2006, 18:18:09

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '7') billion barrels


That's funny (by this I mean funny as in peculiar).

I counted about 9.2 billion just in field size announcements alone.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby pup55 » Sat 18 Feb 2006, 18:40:45

I checked my estimate for announced fields in 2004 and it was 7.4 gb.

So, they are evidently just omitting the results of test wells, which is fine.

Anyway, this is not an order of magnitude off, it is maybe a couple of gb off, and the main conclusion remains the same: nominal discoveries are a small fraction of the annual consumption, and the difference will have to be made up by the ability of people to extract 10X the original estimated discovery out of the field, as reservesgrowthrulz suggests.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Tue 21 Feb 2006, 12:47:56

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pup55', 'a')nd the main conclusion remains the same: nominal discoveries are a small fraction of the annual consumption, and the difference will have to be made up by the ability of people to extract 10X the original estimated discovery out of the field, as reservesgrowthrulz suggests.


Thats exactly what has been happening for better than 100 years now, and modelling it is an absolute bear. Hubberts reserve growth function undershoots reserve growth pretty substantially, but he was handicapped by less complete datasets than what Root and Attansai used for their mid-90's estimates.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby WebHubbleTelescope » Wed 22 Feb 2006, 23:34:29

Half of the reserve growth gets spread out over such a large time constant that it doesn't contribute to a strong peak, making it less critical to defining the classical Hubbert peak.

As to the rest, the estimate stabilizes if you wait a few years. Nothing wrong with backdating, unless you think this is some kind of game for purists we are playing.

http://mobjectivist.blogspot.com/2006/0 ... rowth.html
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Thu 23 Feb 2006, 11:39:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('WebHubbleTelescope', '
')As to the rest, the estimate stabilizes if you wait a few years. Nothing wrong with backdating, unless you think this is some kind of game for purists we are playing.


There is nothing wrong with backdating....as long as you understand that current discovery sizes have nothing to do with final sizes, and that the most current information is the worst.

As far as "waiting a few years", it is disingenuous to imply that "a few years" is less than any number smaller than 50. For STARTERS. Which means it is more reasonable to backdate for all fields discovered prior to 1955...but it still isn't correct. But if you have to do it for the sake of modelling something, at least the backdating number is more likely to be stable, given more time.

Also, the fundamental assumption you make of reserve growth being self limiting isn't a given, its just a reasonable assumption. It was Hubberts assumption as well. He was wrong. And his method underestimates reserve growth BECAUSE this assumption was wrong.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Thu 23 Feb 2006, 19:16:23

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('ReserveGrowthRulz', 'F')or example....lets say a given years discoveries are 10 BBO or thereabouts....except after 80 years of production the actual discovered volumes on the intial 10BBO is now 100BBO.....maybe more, maybe less.
Such an exponential increase seems reasonable during the previous 80 year window. After all, there was no seismic imaging or even quality source rock analysis at discovery in 1925. But now with all our gee-whiz high-falutin technology we should now have a pretty reasonable view of things down there--say around +- 3%:


For starters, I didn't mention any one method over another in scheduling the difference, just that it is, and about what overall size, given enough time. Also, as Hubble has pointed out in one of the Verma papers, years of study of a field decrease the overall reserve growth increase through time, I beleive Verma's numbers were something on the order of half the size of reserve growth in a place like the States. Thats a 300% gain perhaps....NOT +/- 3%. And the assumption that gee whiz technology is the sole culprit doesn't fly either, for example, if you apply conventional reserve growth analysis to continuous type accumulations, Verma has conclusions which link increases in area to the increase rather than anything remotely resembling technology. Thats a completely different arguement however, since most reserve growth studies are concentrated on conventional fields. In any case, when all of the scientific evidence from Arrington and Hubbert on up into the modern era pegs the number somewhere between 5X and 15X, why would you conclude that +/- 3% is anwhere in the same ballpark?

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', '
')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('ReserveGrowthRulz', 'T')he reason why its a killer for most general modelling techniques is obvious, ending up with perhaps 10X the initial discovery volumes is tough to accomodate if the goal to declare peak oil next week.
how about if the goal is to contradict USGS cornucopean nonsense?


Which particular nonsense are you referring to? McCabe has an excellent article out in AAPG I beleive, vintage late 90's, titled Cornucopia or somesuch which did a quite thorough job of pointing out "other" chicken little type arguements which have occured through time, as well as pointing out things which have happened since the original Hubbert work was done which contradicts what the King himself was thinking at the time. The production rate and peak for Ohio springs to mind as a prime example.

Or are you just using the word without knowledge of its link to this particular paper?
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby WebHubbleTelescope » Thu 23 Feb 2006, 22:45:25

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('ReserveGrowthRulz', ' ')And the assumption that gee whiz technology is the sole culprit doesn't fly either, for example, if you apply conventional reserve growth analysis to continuous type accumulations, Verma has conclusions which link increases in area to the increase rather than anything remotely resembling technology. Thats a completely different arguement however, since most reserve growth studies are concentrated on conventional fields.


"increases in area"

This point is very telling. Several of these papers including Annastasi point to the difficulty in separating reserve growth from new discoveries that occur in close proximity to the original fields. So in one case you have backdating and in the other case you just have additional discoveries -- which get counted conventionally, i.e. not backdated.

This brings up the fine distinction between reserve growth curves and creaming curves describing a region. These two curves have similar shapes and it seems a matter of taste which term to use when you get data. Both creaming curves and reserve growth curves have steep slopes that turn into a creep upward.

As with most of this stuff, we get buried in arcane terminology that laymen like me apparently aren't supposed to understand.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby WebHubbleTelescope » Thu 23 Feb 2006, 23:02:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('ReserveGrowthRulz', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('WebHubbleTelescope', '
')As to the rest, the estimate stabilizes if you wait a few years. Nothing wrong with backdating, unless you think this is some kind of game for purists we are playing.


There is nothing wrong with backdating....as long as you understand that current discovery sizes have nothing to do with final sizes, and that the most current information is the worst.

As far as "waiting a few years", it is disingenuous to imply that "a few years" is less than any number smaller than 50. For STARTERS. Which means it is more reasonable to backdate for all fields discovered prior to 1955...but it still isn't correct. But if you have to do it for the sake of modelling something, at least the backdating number is more likely to be stable, given more time.

Also, the fundamental assumption you make of reserve growth being self limiting isn't a given, its just a reasonable assumption. It was Hubberts assumption as well. He was wrong. And his method underestimates reserve growth BECAUSE this assumption was wrong.


Say what you want, I did the math. Most of these wordy rhetorical arguments get blown out of the water with a simple simulation. Like I said, 40, or 50 years is enough of a gradual increase to smear a broad peak which does not affect the sharp peak poking up below it.
Image

Image

The "few years" time constant is about 8, not 50. The long range "creep" time constant is about 40. Note that the peak is affected more by the fast time constant than by the slow one.

from:
http://mobjectivist.blogspot.com/2006/0 ... rowth.html
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby rockdoc123 » Thu 23 Feb 2006, 23:11:33

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '"')increases in area"

This point is very telling. Several of these papers including Annastasi point to the difficulty in separating reserve growth from new discoveries that occur in close proximity to the original fields. So in one case you have backdating and in the other case you just have additional discoveries -- which get counted conventionally, i.e. not backdated.

This brings up the fine distinction between reserve growth curves and creaming curves describing a region. These two curves have similar shapes and it seems a matter of taste which term to use when you get data. Both creaming curves and reserve growth curves have steep slopes that turn into a creep upward.


strictly speaking this should not be a problem....increase in area would refer to a single field, if not a single reservoir. It is not a separate discovery which would mean it is not in hydrodynamic communication with the rest of the field....ie. a separate structural closure or a separate trap. What is being referred to is that often quite a bit of time after discovery additional work (3D seismic, outpost drilling etc.) identifies that initial assumptions regarding oil/water contact, depth conversion, location of bounding faults etc. were incorrect....as a consequence the area of closure in the field/pool can be increased. The unfortunate problem in all of this is that often the folks who play with the "numbers" have no idea about the reservoir dynamics. As an example people still like to speak of Ghawar as if it were a single field when in fact it is made up of a number of separate closures, and several reservoirs, some in communication some not. The geologists and reservoir engineers working on those particular projects know what is going on and report the information correctly....the "powers that be" decide they can group and lump that data. Hence folks simply grabbing that data from various sources will be led astray. Using Ghawar as a whole in any kind of statistical analysis skews the results beyond belief....for instance look at the backdated discovery curve with the huge peak in the sixties.

You are right about the shape of the curves, but as I have pointed out on another thread it is pretty easy to get mislead by a particular creaming curve when you don't understand the underlying geology of the basin. Hence Hubbert missing new discoveries in the US, and creaming curves for Algeria created in 1990 missing out on about 6 billion barrels of new discoveries in the following decade. As to understanding the geology, Hubbert was a brilliant geologist (see my thread regarding his contributions) but the limit of our understanding of the subsurface at any point in time is often a product of the sampling density of that "universe", which, when Hubbert was ruminating on the problem, was good but by no means stellar.

I guess all I am trying to get across is that the idea of reserve growth makes perfect sense to us folks who deal with the discovery-development-production history of fields. The unfortunate thing is it just comes across as magic to those that haven't been directly involved in it. Not sure if there is a better way of explaining it.
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby WebHubbleTelescope » Fri 24 Feb 2006, 00:00:11

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', '
')I guess all I am trying to get across is that the idea of reserve growth makes perfect sense to us folks who deal with the discovery-development-production history of fields. The unfortunate thing is it just comes across as magic to those that haven't been directly involved in it. Not sure if there is a better way of explaining it.


Interesting comment, but that is indeed your problem and not something that is in general hard to fix given a bit of open dialog. I find this whole topic of oil extraction incredibly easy to understand and reason about, much more intuitive than my fields of study statistical and quantum mechanics, even when that physics stuff never got mired by the arcana of lingo, messy data, and double-talk politics that oil production seems to thrive in.

Putting it another way, giving up and calling it "magic" in this area of investigation is like the coach deciding to punt the football when his team has a first down and goal to go, not trusting that he can impart his years of wisdom into his players heads.

"At the basis of all statistical extrapolations used to project field growth is the assumption that fields are well defined and that patterns of the past will continue into the future. The enigma of field growth is due, in part, to changing and ad hoc field definitions. In individual cases, fields are defined on the basis of convenience by regulatory agencies, by operators, or simply as artifacts of the historical discovery process. For example, the 1990 EIA OGIFF file had several hundred more fields than the 1991 file. Nearly all of the entries not in the 1991 file had been combined with other, larger fields. As new pools, reservoirs, and fields are developed, they are frequently included in older fields for geologic reasons and perhaps for the convenience of unit operators and regulators. When this happens, the discovery date of these more recently discovered hydrocarbons are backdated, and growth of the older fields is extended."
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Fri 24 Feb 2006, 03:41:57

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('WebHubbleTelescope', ' ')I find this whole topic of oil extraction incredibly easy to understand and reason about, much more intuitive than my fields of study statistical and quantum mechanics, even when that physics stuff never got mired by the arcana of lingo, messy data, and double-talk politics that oil production seems to thrive in.


Excellent! I can assume then that besides just quoting some basic assumptions behind most reserve growth work, you can understand why their data assembly ( R&A) would lead someone who HASN'T read the paper particularly well to assume that reserve growth is a self limiting function, when it fact its just an artifact of the limitations on the data they were using and their assembly of it? Go read it again if you missed it, they didn't even consider fields beyond a certain age, and they did alot of "lumping" of fields with discovery dates earlier than 1900. Their very methodology limited them to a 89-90-91 year time frame field lifespan, if I recall correctly.

Your entire "self limiting" routine doesn't come from their work, because their work was artificially limited because of methodology. Most of your graph is also functioning in a region ( >90 years ) that they never even tackled, you just saw something you liked and fit a line to it, remind me, who gets cranky when people use graphs to misrepresent data?

I don't understand the other graph at all, let alone the model overlays you try and use against what I assume is the R&A data. For example, how are you defining oil shock and why would graphing it against the cum curve from the R&A paper mean anything? The R&A data is simply a cumulative growth curve through time with about a 90 year timespan, I realize you made up the limiting part yourself because you thought it was neat, but the oil shock piece, what is that about? Modeling when the Iranians are going to turn off the taps or some other interesting tidbit?
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby rockdoc123 » Fri 24 Feb 2006, 10:46:47

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'P')utting it another way, giving up and calling it "magic" in this area of investigation is like the coach deciding to punt the football when his team has a first down and goal to go, not trusting that he can impart his years of wisdom into his players heads.


unless of course, unbeknownest to said coach the opposing team has a defensive line and secondary that were All-American.......his educated gambit (run for the end zone) is doomed to failure simply because the underlying information is more important than realized.

Again, I reiterate you can model production til you are blue in the face....you can come up with stochaistic estimates....run Monte Carlo's etc. etc.......but if you're understanding of the underlying data is poor your answer will also be poor. The examples I gave are "real world" and not conceptual.....modelers have been wrong in the past because they did not understand the full potential of a given petroleum province/basin....and you can be sure they will be wrong again for the exact same reasons. This is precisely why Campbell has had to change his forecast a number of times.

And if it is so "incrediably easy to understand and reason about" perhaps you should change occupations?? Certainly the "rocket scientists" I know get paid crap whereas a petroleum analyst can make oodles of dosh. [smilie=icon_tongue.gif]
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby EnergySpin » Fri 24 Feb 2006, 17:11:31

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', '
')Again, I reiterate you can model production til you are blue in the face....you can come up with stochaistic estimates....run Monte Carlo's etc. etc.......but if you're understanding of the underlying data is poor your answer will also be poor.

Isn't this self-evident? Garbage in, garbage out ....

The only thing that Monte Carlo (or actually MCMC) sims can tell you in such a situation, is that the data/model combination do not allow a definitive prediction to be made.
The USGS predictions is a particularly good example of this self evident fact : the 95-50-5 HPD intervals are so wide ... that the only possible intepretation by any (objective) Bayesian is the following: in spite of the data and models they used, the abysmal precision of the prediction suggests they were not enough. But at least the USGS gives us a HPD that we can use to judge the quality of their data/methods, which is definitely not the case with Campbell and Company :roll:
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby nero » Fri 24 Feb 2006, 19:36:47

I think Reservegrowthrulz is right about how important reserve growth has been histroically. My question would be however about applying the A&R analysis to more recent estimates. It is not apparent that reserve growth in the future will follow the same trend as the past. The data indicates that reserve growth as found using A&R's methodology has been decreasing as I recall (I'll hunt up the IHS presentation later)
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Re: 2005 Discoveries

Unread postby pup55 » Fri 24 Feb 2006, 21:36:46

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'r')eserve growth as found using A&R's methodology has been decreasing


This is probably a key point. Logic leads to the idea that we should not expect a field discovered today to be as underestimated as a field discovered 80 years ago. This is particularly true if, as is routinely claimed, technology is able to better define the contents of a given field.

No telling the magnitude of the misestimation in any case.
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