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PeakOil is You

PeakOil is You

Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

General discussions of the systemic, societal and civilisational effects of depletion.

Do you want oil production to peak, sometime in the reasonably near future?

Yes I do
103
No votes
No I don't
93
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Total votes : 196

Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby JohnDenver » Sat 29 Dec 2007, 23:27:10

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'B')y the way- JD could you source your production levels for US and Canada. I think you are mixing in Nat. gas as well. From my reading US oil production has dropped much more significantly since its peak in 1970.


The figures which I gave are for total North American oil production (US + Canada + Mexico) from the BP Statistical Review 2007:

1979 13578kbd
1980 14063
1981 14344
1982 14790
1983 14838
1984 15226
1985 15304
1986 14792
1987 14730
1988 14642
1989 14014
1990 13856
1991 14182
1992 14050
1993 13899
1994 13807
1995 13789
1996 14052
1997 14267
1998 14182
1999 13678
2000 13904
2001 13906
2002 14069
2003 14193
2004 14137
2005 13695
2006 13700

Those figures are 100% accurate, and exactly what I claimed them to be. You can apologize for talking B.S. after verifying at the referenced link.:)
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Bas » Sat 29 Dec 2007, 23:30:49

I like JD, keeping in mind that north america probably has the most stretched out hubbert curve.

hey, like my new sig?
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sat 29 Dec 2007, 23:33:58

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JohnDenver', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'B')y the way- JD could you source your production levels for US and Canada. I think you are mixing in Nat. gas as well. From my reading US oil production has dropped much more significantly since its peak in 1970.


The figures which I gave are for total North American oil production (US + Canada + Mexico) from the BP Statistical Review 2007:

1979 13578kbd
1980 14063
1981 14344
1982 14790
1983 14838
1984 15226
1985 15304
1986 14792
1987 14730
1988 14642
1989 14014
1990 13856
1991 14182
1992 14050
1993 13899
1994 13807
1995 13789
1996 14052
1997 14267
1998 14182
1999 13678
2000 13904
2001 13906
2002 14069
2003 14193
2004 14137
2005 13695
2006 13700

Those figures are 100% accurate, and exactly what I claimed them to be. You can apologize for talking B.S. after verifying at the referenced link.:)


JD- I apologize- I thought you were sourcing just US production and didn't see that you wrote N. American production...my fault.
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:07:35

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Oil-Finder', '
')I never said there were discoveries now in active, large-scale production within the last 30 years which were bigger than Ghawar. The 3 discoveries I listed - Brazil, the Bakken and Bohai Bay - have only been discovered to have large amounts of oil very, very recently.

You're asking me to prove something which I never claimed.


But you did say that these new discoveries were likely to equal or surpass Ghawar.

Nop discoveries in the last 30 years have equalled a Ghawar but we are supposed to believe that these new ones someday...down the road quite a while...will do as well as Ghawar.

Hmmm...

Wake me up when we hit 500 kb/d.
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby JohnDenver » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:11:05

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('EnergyUnlimited', 'J')D,
And what about EROEI of these smaller or unconventional fields?
We may end up with the same or slowly falling nominal output for long time, but less and less of oil will remain available to the market.


EROEI per se is not an important measure. OROOI (Oil Returned on Oil Invested) and LFROLFI (Liquid Fuel Returned on Liquid Fuel Invested) are the ones which are important. If the new fields/sources require a lot of energy to produce, we can use non-liquid energy to produce them. For example, it doesn't make sense to use liquid fuel to distill ethanol, so one good idea is to distill it with coal. It's a way to "liquefy" coal, so to speak, and people are doing it in the cornbelt today. In the future, we may also use small nuclear reactors to generate heat to cook the oil sands, or cook oil out of old depleted reservoirs. That's a way to "liquefy uranium". Another idea is to use coal instead of petroleum to refine petroleum. That doesn't improve the EROEI, but it greatly improves the OROOI, and thus frees up more oil for the market.
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Oil-Finder » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:18:16

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', '
')But you did say that these new discoveries were likely to equal or surpass Ghawar.

Yes, and they have all been discovered to have large amounts of oil only within the past few years! Capiche? Comprende? Or are you once again expecting someone to go from oil discovery to 1 mbd in a week? Or maybe a year, if you're generous? Yes, that's what you're asking of me, and you know that's an unrealistic - if not impossible - expectation. Neither Ghawar nor Cantarell nor any other oil field discovered ever went from discovery to 1 mbd production in a year or less. And never will. You're trying to prove your case by asking me to demonstrate something which even your own exemplary oil fields never achieved.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')op discoveries in the last 30 years have equalled a Ghawar but we are supposed to believe that these new ones someday...down the road quite a while...will do as well as Ghawar.

Hmmm...

Wake me up when we hit 500 kb/d.

I will be sure to do so. Both Brazil's latest discoveries and the Bakken are close (not sure about Bohai Bay).

Here is a chart showing Brazil's projected oil production . . . even before they discovered Tupi:

Projected Future Oil Production of Brazil (pre-Tupi discovery)
Image
Source
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:21:15

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JohnDenver', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('EnergyUnlimited', 'J')D,
And what about EROEI of these smaller or unconventional fields?
We may end up with the same or slowly falling nominal output for long time, but less and less of oil will remain available to the market.


EROEI per se is not an important measure. OROOI (Oil Returned on Oil Invested) and LFROLFI (Liquid Fuel Returned on Liquid Fuel Invested) are the ones which are important. If the new fields/sources require a lot of energy to produce, we can use non-liquid energy to produce them. For example, it doesn't make sense to use liquid fuel to distill ethanol, so one good idea is to distill it with coal. It's a way to "liquefy" coal, so to speak, and people are doing it in the cornbelt today. In the future, we may also use small nuclear reactors to generate heat to cook the oil sands, or cook oil out of old depleted reservoirs. That's a way to "liquefy uranium". Another idea is to use coal instead of petroleum to refine petroleum. That doesn't improve the EROEI, but it greatly improves the OROOI, and thus frees up more oil for the market.


Well yes if you want to convert all coal to oil- that is possible....I'm not a fan of that idea myself for AGW reasons. Nuclear energy is another matter- but why not convert nuke energy right into electricity instead of shifting towards the dubious prosepect of increasing oil production in shale oil fields...

IN any event- I think we need to look at reasonable alternatives... solar/wind, geothermal, some oil, nat. gas and yes even nukes. It still won't be enough because we won't be able to scale up in time...that's why I'm betting my horses on radical conservation and efficiency. I hope those things are enough to stave off complete and utter collapse...but I'm not sure...
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Gandhi » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:23:04

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I')t still won't be enough because we won't be able to scale up in time


Exactly!
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Twilight » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:36:03

It is still less than what we are using, that is the problem. We are eating into past discovery with every passing year, that ends only one way, whatever your quibbles over rate.
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Gandalf_the_White » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:48:28

This question comes around every so often. The peak will happen there is no question about that. The only thing that remains is when and under what circumstances.
I return to you now at the turning of the tide.
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby TheDude » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:48:28

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Oil-Finder', '-')- The Dude's graph is dated, with incorrect future assumptions on oil discoveries. The links I've provided in this thread alone have already disproven it, but I will soon do still more to disprove it. All you peak oilers think there's little exploration going on with few new discoveries being made, but you are wrong.


Uh huh. Here's what the megaprojects compilers think all those barrels will be good for:

Image

That's with the gentlest decline rate (2%), too. Some of these will produce greater than 500 mbpd, which might mean something if we weren't gobbling down oil by the tankerful.

As for historical volumes of discoveries:

Image

These from the Wiki Article on Oil Megaprojects. Give the charts there a good looking over. The production from dozens of fields worldwide easily exceeds your examples.

Bohai looks to be producing 200 kbpd in 2012. Eventual production will be around 500 kbpd according to your article. If they sold every drop to the US that might make up for Cantarell's decline. I'm sure you know this will not happen as Chinese demand is skyrocketing.

Bakken is held back by its flow rates, as I've explained about 20 times. The way you never mention this is really annoying. It will take thousands of wells to bring anything substantial out of it; the size of the URR is irrelevant. Huge fields with crap permeability and porosity like the Bakken are like a bank account with billions of dollars in it - of which you can withdraw $500/day. I'm explaining this for anyone reading here who might be impressed by these big numbers you throw around without accounting for any of these other factors. It is notable for the size of the reserves, and the fact that it's Our Oil Not Under Their Land, and if they drill hundreds of wells per year it may amount to something substantial in the end. That's it.
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:51:59

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Oil-Finder', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', '
')But you did say that these new discoveries were likely to equal or surpass Ghawar.

Yes, and they have all been discovered to have large amounts of oil only within the past few years! Capiche? Comprende? Or are you once again expecting someone to go from oil discovery to 1 mbd in a week? Or maybe a year, if you're generous? Yes, that's what you're asking of me, and you know that's an unrealistic - if not impossible - expectation. Neither Ghawar nor Cantarell nor any other oil field discovered ever went from discovery to 1 mbd production in a year or less. And never will. You're trying to prove your case by asking me to demonstrate something which even your own exemplary oil fields never achieved.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')op discoveries in the last 30 years have equalled a Ghawar but we are supposed to believe that these new ones someday...down the road quite a while...will do as well as Ghawar.

Hmmm...

Wake me up when we hit 500 kb/d.

I will be sure to do so. Both Brazil's latest discoveries and the Bakken are close (not sure about Bohai Bay).

Here is a chart showing Brazil's projected oil production . . . even before they discovered Tupi:

Projected Future Oil Production of Brazil (pre-Tupi discovery)
Image
Source


Dude- Tupi is projected to reach a production level of 400kb/d in 2015...

Bakken- if you are lucky you'll get over 500 kb/d

Bohai Bay? That's 2.2 billion barrels of new oil discovered...Woo hoo!
You'll be lucky to hit 400kb/d
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 00:57:46

Where's my 5 mb/d Neo-Ghawar?? I want my new Ghawar!!

Well you can have these shale fields- there's sooooo much oil in them....hundreds of billions of.....hey where did you go? Come back!! How about if I throw in my SUV? No? How about my 5000 square foot summer home? Hey...come back!!!
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby JohnDenver » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 02:02:43

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'I')n terms of Cantarell I'm just going to have to say you are wrong on that one. Here's a link...

Cantarell

that talks about that 13% decline. It looks worse this year...


I'm not sure where I was wrong. I didn't dispute that Cantarell is dropping at 13% (or worse this year). I'm disputing that Cantarell is causing severe declines for Mexico, where Cantarell is located. It's not. The stats I gave for Mexican oil production are accurate, and can be verified here.

EIA Crude+Condensate stats for Mexico after its peak in 2004:

2004: 3383kbd
2005: 3334
2006: 3256
2007: 3126 (9-month average)

As I wrote, Mexico is declining at a rate of 2.8%, not 13%. That is not wrong. It is a completely accurate statement which anyone can ascertain with the aid of a calculator.

So, the situation is just as I wrote: "Even Mexico (during the collapse of Cantarell!) doesn't collapse like Cantarell. So why do you think that the decline rate of Cantarell has anything to say about the net decline rate of the world? It barely affects Mexico, let alone the world."

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'A')nd that is what puts the fear of God in me- its those gigantic fields that look very precarious.


You're simply emoting, without rational grounds. As we've just seen, one of the biggest-of-the-biggest, Cantarell, is pooping out, and its barely having an effect on Mexico, let alone the world. In fact, most the drop from Cantarell will be compensated in the near future by Ku-Maloob-Zaap, scheduled to reach 800,000bpd by 2011 (i.e. roughly 80% of the current production of Cantarell). The collapse of one of the biggest fields in the world is having a minor effect on Mexico, and a completely neglible impact on the overall world situation.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'S')ince you read The Oil Drum, here is a piece earlier this year about a drop in Saudi production most likely caused by Ghawar declining...

Ghawar

The predictions of that piece went so wrong that I publicly ridiculed Stuart for it on my blog. Stuart got taken in by the Saudi collapse hype, made a mistake, and graciously owned up to it.

As I point out in the piece, production from Saudi Arabia has been stable this year (note the INCREASE in September):

January 8.75mbd
February 8.6mbd
March 8.6mbd
April 8.6mbd
May 8.6mbd
June 8.6mbd
August 8.6mbd
September 8.8mbd (Source)

So what happened there, thuja?

It seems you've got some serious explaining to do. Your position is that:
i) The collapse of big fields is S-C-A-R-Y, and will proceed at high rates of 12%+ per year,
ii) The biggest field of all, Ghawar, is collapsing,
iii) Small fields are basically irrelevant, and yet
iv) The production of Saudi Arabia, where the rapidly collapsing Ghawar is located, is not declining. In fact, in the last available month it actually INCREASED.

Something there isn't passing the smell test. Care to comment?

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'A')nyways- no need to get nasty- like I said I am glad you are not as cornucopian as Oil-Finder who has dreams of 5 undiscovered Ghawars out there.


There's only one Ghawar, and I personally doubt there's another, although you never know. It might be in a hard-to-find spot.

Nevertheless, Ghawar produces about 5mbd, and these days we're bringing on that much new production every year from megaprojects alone. So basically, we're bringing on a new Ghawar every year: it's just that the new Ghawars are made of smaller fields.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', 'B')ut I will say that the link you gave me of Stuart's paper is more than two years old and new data has come in...most distinctly the declines in the big fields.
How do declines in big fields invalidate the conclusions of that paper? The two collapsing biggies you've been talking about, Ghawar and Cantarell, are (respectively) having no and little impact on the production of Saudi Arabia and Mexico, let alone the world.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'S')o lets hope for your model but I think we need to be prepared for decline rates that are a little worse in the future. We'll see...
Here you're basically conceding that the pessimist position is weak. You have no solid evidence to show that a scary outcome is probable, so you switch gears to "it *might* be really bad, so let's worry anyway". :roll:
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 02:17:22

Wow- I think you are overstating my case for me JD- like I said I side with 2-4 % decline rates after a plateau phase. I would guess that could last anywhere from 5-10 years looking at the data. And like I said, I am open to the idea of it lasting longer and decline rates starting at 1 for quite a while and then 2....and so on...so I am open to a more gentle decline as you have posited.

Really no need for describing my "position " as weak because it is variable...your scenario falls into the more optimistic side of my view.

If you have anyone to quibble with, it would be oil-finder, who believes in the CERA model which is already being rapidly discredited...

But I am a tad surprised by your talk JD- I seem to remember you always talking about how peak oil is a joke- it doesn't matter, etc. But here you are talking about being at a plateau phase. Plateau is another word for peak- just a longer and less sharp peak...have you come around to that idea that we are surfing the top of the peak now?


In terms of the importance of the large fields, I think most folks who study this are definitely concerned with large drops happening from major fields because they mean that production must ramp up from somewhere else just to keep steady (not even to increase production).

So the decline of Burgan and Cantarell and Ghawar are pretty substantial events. They signal a shift. New production is coming on line (thank god) but for how long will it be enough? You yourself guess that within a decade or two it won't suffice and we will start experiencing a slow decline. I posited just a bit sharper after the plateau. Really we're saying about the same thing here...where's the beef?
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 03:01:10

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JohnDenver', '
')It seems you've got some serious explaining to do. Your position is that:
i) The collapse of big fields is S-C-A-R-Y, and will proceed at high rates of 12%+ per year,
ii) The biggest field of all, Ghawar, is collapsing,
iii) Small fields are basically irrelevant, and yet
iv) The production of Saudi Arabia, where the rapidly collapsing Ghawar is located, is not declining. In fact, in the last available month it actually INCREASED.


Just to clarify- I think you are misrepresenting my thoughts...

i) The "SuperGiants" have gone into decline- most notably Burgan, Cantarell and most likely Ghawar. The North Sea is also experiencing severe decline rates of 10-12% as well.
North Sea

Cantarell is also experiencing sharp declines in production.
ii) It is unknown if "Ghawar is collapsing" but most factors point to it being in decline.

iii) small fields are most definitely not irrelevant. New prodcution brought on line by small fields is making up for losses in the Big fields and in other older fields. They are only allowing world production to stay steady, not increase.

iv) the production in Saudi Arabia has stayed steady but SA is no longer able to be a swing state and increase production dramatically to make up for losses elsewhere. There is likely no "cushion" left if an oil shock happens in another part of the world.

There- clarified- and not quite what you thought I said at all...
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 03:24:51

By the way JD and OIlfinder- its not just about the three or four biggies I mentioned...its many many old oil fields...

There's a great old thread where folks did research to discuss the top 20 oil fields and decline rates back in 06...here is the thread..

Top Twenty Oil Fields
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Oil-Finder » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 04:23:51

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('TheDude', '
')Bakken is held back by its flow rates, as I've explained about 20 times. The way you never mention this is really annoying. It will take thousands of wells to bring anything substantial out of it; the size of the URR is irrelevant. Huge fields with crap permeability and porosity like the Bakken are like a bank account with billions of dollars in it - of which you can withdraw $500/day. I'm explaining this for anyone reading here who might be impressed by these big numbers you throw around without accounting for any of these other factors. It is notable for the size of the reserves, and the fact that it's Our Oil Not Under Their Land, and if they drill hundreds of wells per year it may amount to something substantial in the end. That's it.

Let's see how doable this is . . .

The US side of the Williston Basin, which contains the Bakken formation, encompasses approximately 143,000 square miles.

My research on Bakken well production indicates that, after an initial period of high production lasting a few months to a year, flow rates stabilize at around 150-300 bpd and stay that way for an extremely long time (source, source, and source).

I have read well spacing patterns in the Bakken including 160 acres, 40 acres, and 640 acres (1 square mile). Let's be conservative and go with 1-square-mile spacing.

Let's say that only 1/4 of the square miles in the Williston Basin end up with oil wells on them (sounds reasonable?). That would be 35,750 square miles, and thus, 35,750 wells using our spacing pattern.

Let's assume a low-ish average production rate of 200 bpd per well. With that figure, 35,750 wells would produce 7.15 million barrels/day.

According to this here, the average cost of a well in the Williston Basin is up to $3-$5 million, though I've seen figures as low as $2 million, and even less for some Canadian sources.

Let's go with an average of $4 million each. At that price, 35,750 wells would cost $143 billion total.

Sounds like a lot, doesn't it? But keep in mind that Petrobras expects to spend $50-$100 billion just to develop the 5-8 billion barrels in Tupi. Suddenly the Bakken looks like a bargain.

And before you gasp at the 35,750 wells, keep in mind that Pemex expects to drill 13,500 wells to develop Chicontepec over the next 15 years.

To be sure, developing the Bakken to high production rates could take 10-20 years, but there's nothing un-doable about it. And it would hardly be the first time a large oil formation took a decade or more to fully develop!
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby Oil-Finder » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 04:42:35

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('thuja', '
')
Dude- Tupi is projected to reach a production level of 400kb/d in 2015...

Dude, that was a chart for Brazilian oil production estimates before they discovered Tupi! Add Tupi's 400b/d in 2015 on top of that!

Projected Future Oil Production of Brazil (pre-Tupi discovery)
Image
SOURCE

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'B')akken- if you are lucky you'll get over 500 kb/d

See analysis above. And as already noted once in this thread, and once in another thread, the Bakken is already producing about 200K bpd - and the play is just in its infancy!

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'B')ohai Bay? That's 2.2 billion barrels of new oil discovered...Woo hoo!
You'll be lucky to hit 400kb/d

Wrong again. Bohai Bay's find was 7.5 billion barrels, and preliminary indications are it contains much, much more (Source)
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Re: Peak oil: Do you want it to occur?

Postby thuja » Sun 30 Dec 2007, 04:46:30

Ugh- you win Oil-Finder- we will have oil....forever!
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