Ethanol fuels food price frenzy

“The U.S. is now using more corn for production of ethanol than our entire crop in Canada,” says Kurt Klein, a professor of agricultural economics at the University of Lethbridge. “It’s huge.”

And it is going to get bigger. In 2000, world production of ethanol totalled 20 billion litres. In 2007, world production climbed to 60 billion litres. In the month of January alone, six billion new litres of ethanol were produced in the U.S., Mr. Klein says.
Scores of ethanol plants are under construction and as a result, Mr. Klein predicts that the U.S. will produce 52 billion litres of the fuel in 2008. When all the plants are running, the U.S. could produce twice as much corn for ethanol than Canada’s total crop production – wheat, barley, canola, everything.

This has huge implications for global food supplies. The amount of corn it takes to produce 75 litres of ethanol – roughly a tank of fuel – is enough corn to feed one person on a 2,000 calorie per day diet for a year, Mr. Klein said.

And this is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the relationship between corn and rising food prices. As corn prices rise, farmers plant more corn and fewer fields of wheat, barley, soybean, canola and anything else that sprouts from the ground. Mr. Klein, who seeded his farm to canola last year, notes that soy and canola prices have doubled in the last year and a half while the price of wheat is up 80%.

Financial Post