Atmospheric lead causes clouds to form more easily, could change pattern of rain

(PhysOrg.com) — By sampling clouds — and making their own — researchers have shown for the first time a direct relation between lead in the sky and the formation of ice crystals that foster clouds. The results suggest that lead generated by human activities causes clouds to form at warmer temperatures and with less water. This could alter the pattern of both rain and snow in a warmer world.

The lead-laden clouds come with a silver lining, however. Under some conditions, these clouds let more of the earth’s heat waft back into space, cooling the world slightly. Atmospheric lead primarily comes from human sources such as coal.

The international team of researchers reported their results in the May issue of Nature Geoscience. The collaboration included researchers from institutions in the United States, Switzerland and Germany.

“We know that the vast majority of lead in the atmosphere comes from man-made sources,” said atmospheric chemist Dan Cziczo of the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and study author. “And now we show that the lead is changing the properties of clouds and therefore the balance of the sun’s energy that affects our atmosphere.”

PhysOrg