by kublikhan » Wed 09 Oct 2013, 11:21:53
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('sparky', '@') Kubilai , I found your estimate on the depletion side a bit optimistic
a one for one relationship between crude growth and GDP growth seems closer to the truth
GDP include some credit activity , one can discount about 1% of economic growth as pure financial churning
also the population increase must be discounted as not really "growth" except as a burden
Those are Gail's estimates, and she did caution they rest on rather shaky foundations. However I would not be expecting a 1-1 correlation in oil consumption and GDP growth rates. Oil consumption has always been more volatile than GDP. Check out what happen during the oil crises of the 1970s/early 80s. In 1968, world oil consumption was growing around 8%, world GDP, 5%. By 1976, oil growth had fallen to under 2%, GDP 2.5%. By 1982, world oil consumption growth had fallen to around -4%, world GDP growth was positive 2%. Oil went from +8% growth to -4% growth, a difference of 12%. GDP went from 5% to 2%, a different of 3%.
World GDP, Oil Consumption, and energy consumption growth ratesKeep in mind that the US economy has a much lower oil intensity today than it did in the 1970s.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I')'m going to operate from 1970 to 2003, as that's the period covered by all the series I need. Over those 33 years, real GDP increased by a factor of 2.74. In the same period, US oil consumption has gone from 5.36 billion barrels to 7.31 billion barrels (according to the EIA). That's an increase by a factor of 1.36. So oil intensity has decreased with a multiplier of 1.36/2.74 = 0.50. So we have a 50% reduction.
Now the breakdown of our 50% reduction in oil intensity is as follows.
* 20% is due to increased transportation efficiency - 2003 transportation oil usage is only 0.63 of what we would have expected just GDP scaling from 1970. That is mainly due to the 0.7 multiplier applied to gallons/mile in highway vehicles since 1970 (as discussed last night), but a little is due to improved aviation efficiency also.
* 13% is due to reduced use in residential and commercial buildings, almost all of it heating. These sectors got 0.09 and 0.19 multipliers respectively (ie they got mostly eliminated as the graph makes clear). This represents a mixture of improved building efficiency (insulation and draft-proofing) and fuel switching away from oil (primarily to natural gas).
* 5% is due to reduced use in electricity generation - a 0.20 multiplier (again, not much left). This is fuel switching to uranium, coal, and natural gas.
* 13% is due to reduced oil intensity of industry (a 0.49 multiplier). This presumably represents a mixture of
- Improved efficiency in industrial processes.
- Fuel switching by industry
- Dematerialization of the industrial sector (industry producing smaller, higher-tech, higher value products).
- Improved insulation and draft-proofing of industrial facilities to reduce heating needs
- Offshoring the nasty dirty oil-intensive parts of industry.
Moreover, since oil use, as I noted, is only two-thirds as important an input into world GDP as it was three decades ago, the effect of the current surge in oil prices, though noticeable, is likely to prove significantly less consequential to economic growth and inflation than the surge in the 1970s. Also keep in mind that world GDP growth Not = US/Europe GDP growth. Europe's GDP growth rate has been fluttering around 0% for some time now while the world GDP growth rate is over 2%. The world hit 4% GDP growth in 2010 while the US was half that.