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Transport fuel nonsense

Discussions of conventional and alternative energy production technologies.

Unread postby ECM » Sat 28 May 2005, 03:01:33

How many wind turbines will it take to get to 20%? Is that 20% of current electricity production or ALL energy. I'm thinking it would take many millions of generators. The support requirement alone would be immense. It would be like the suburbia of energy production.

Let's look at the nuclear issue. Nuclear currently provides about 15-20% of total electricity usage, about 2-3% of total energy usage. Fossil fuels make up 90%+ of total energy production. If nuclear was to rise to 20%-30% of current total energy production we would need approximately 4000 more plants. There are fewer than 500 now. I don't see the world scaling up to 100's of new plants per year very soon.

Western Europe uses about half the energy per person as the U.S. Even if the U.S. became as efficient it would easily be offset by the 3+ billion in China and India.

If we can manage transport thru electricity we are still no where near equilibrium with water, atmosphere, desertification, and many other things. Peak Oil is but one of many problems and eventually we will pay the price for living so far beyond our means.

The only solution is a TOTAL solution to all our sustainability issues.
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Unread postby DriveElectric » Sat 28 May 2005, 07:28:23

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', 'D')rive Electric I believe you are confused. Exactly how are you going to store electricity from wind? The pumped storage thing with dams is not the same. I don't see how this could work with wind.


Did you even watch the video? Hydro pumped storage is exactly what you are saying does not exist. It is the best way to store electricity for later use. It takes low value off-peak electricity and turns it into high value peak electricity.

With wind power, if you are getting the power when needed, the grid can consume it. If the wind is blowing during off peak times, it can be directed to recharge a hydro pumped storage facility for later consumption.
Last edited by DriveElectric on Sat 28 May 2005, 07:35:33, edited 1 time in total.
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Unread postby DriveElectric » Sat 28 May 2005, 07:32:38

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', '
')BTW I have read about the possibility of storing electrical energy but as far as I know it is all vaporware currently, you speak of it as if it is common technology and being applied so perhaps I am out of date.


I am going to try this again. And hopefully you will actually click on the links this time. This is not vaporware. These are actual electricity storage facilities. The two owned by Duke Power are approximately 1,675 MW of electricity storage which can be turned on at any time during Peak periods of demand. They take low value off-peak energy (example: wind blowing at the wrong time), and store it in these types of facilities.

http://www.dukepower.com/aboutus/plants/pumpedstorage/

http://www.electricitystorage.org/tech/ ... dhydro.htm

http://www.dom.com/about/stations/hydro ... torage.wmv
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Unread postby JohnDenver » Sat 28 May 2005, 07:33:10

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('0mar', 'A')ny move to alternatives is at least 20-50 years in the making.


According to Hirsch, peak oil could be completely mitigated with a 20 year program based only on the following measures:

1. Fuel efficient transportation,
2. Heavy oil/Oil sands,
3. Coal liquefaction,
4. Enhanced oil recovery,
5. Gas-to-liquids.

Note that Hirsch only considers a no-conservation, pro-sprawl, business-as-usual solution:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Hirsch', 'O')ur focus is on large-scale, physical mitigation, as opposed to policy actions, e.g. tax credits, rationing, automobile speed restrictions, etc. We define physical mitigation as 1) implementation of technologies that can substantially reduce the consumption of liquid fuels (improved fuel efficiency) while still delivering comparable service and 2) the construction and operation of facilities that yield large quantities of liquid fuels.


$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Omar', 'E')ven at the low end of this estimate, we will be running up against peak oil. With the infrastructure in place today, which is dependant on market forces, there will be no sizeable move to alternative energies, not while fossil fuels are abundant and cheap.


Omar, you don't seem to understand that "alternatives" includes fossil fuels other than oil, as indicated by Hirsch's five alternatives, indicated above. Yes, if you assume that we won't use those five alternatives, we're in big trouble. But that's a bogus assumption.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Omar', 'H')ell, building a single nuclear reactor takes about a decade.


How much of that time is bureaucratic wrangling? From Hirsch's report:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Hirsch', 'W')hat used to be termed the “not-in-my-back-yard” (NIMBY) principle has evolved into the “build-absolutely-nothing-anywhere-near-anything” (BANANA) principle, which is increasingly being applied to facilities of any type, including low-income housing, cellular phone towers, prisons, sports stadiums, water treatment facilities, airports, hazardous waste facilities, and even new fire houses.99 Construction of even a single, relatively innocuous, urgently needed facility can easily take more than a decade.



$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Omar', 'M')r. (Dr.?) Hirsch reported in one of ASPO's newsletters a detailed summary about our current situation. The measures we are talking about now should have been in effect during the 60s and 70s. I suggest everyone who proposes an alternate style of the way things are run to read this and digest it.


That's an exaggeration. At worst, Hirsch's report might be interpreted as saying that we should have started 20 years ago, in 1985 (assuming we are peaking right now, which is something he does not say). It should also be noted that Hirsch, Matthew Simmons and Kjell Aleklett pooh-poohed doom at the recent Uppsala Peak Oil Seminar:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')hey all think Peak Oil is a very grave issue, but they also think the doomers are wrong. On a specific question they said Richard Heinberg was very much to pessimistic.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')hey meant Heinberg was to pessimistic on technology and uh, society. They didn't believe that the end of the world was near, but that we would, and I quote, "muddle through". They said we might have a few rough decades but that the world will not end.
http://www.peakoil.com/fortopic8144-0.html
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Unread postby nero » Sat 28 May 2005, 14:25:02

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'H')ydro-pumped storage? You have to be kidding me.

Pump what into what? Let me guess. People are going to install backyard wind generators and pump dish water from their kitchen sink into little backyard kiddie pools

Every major (and just about every minor) river in this country is dammed and silting in.


I believe you didn't click the links. A pumped storage system does not need a river. I remember a few years ago climbing up a big hill on the shores of lake Michigan and at the top was a pumped storage reservoir with no river in sight.
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Unread postby DriveElectric » Sat 28 May 2005, 17:26:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('nero', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'H')ydro-pumped storage? You have to be kidding me.

Pump what into what? Let me guess. People are going to install backyard wind generators and pump dish water from their kitchen sink into little backyard kiddie pools

Every major (and just about every minor) river in this country is dammed and silting in.


I believe you didn't click the links. A pumped storage system does not need a river. I remember a few years ago climbing up a big hill on the shores of lake Michigan and at the top was a pumped storage reservoir with no river in sight.


Exactly. A pumped storage facility only requires two bodies of water with one higher than the other. There are even pumped hydro storage facilities with the ocean being the lower body of water.
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Unread postby nero » Sat 28 May 2005, 23:12:56

The point is for pumped storage you are not limited to rivers and therefore silting and siting are not problems.
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Unread postby Licho » Sun 29 May 2005, 06:56:40

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', '
')I think there is a name for those upper bodies of water. They are resevoirs. And there is a name for the empoundment that seperates the upper body from the lower body. Those would be dams.
pete


Not exactly, it's more like pipes than dams :-)

This is one of pumped storage plants here (I think its biggest in europe). It has power of 650MW, and uses artifically build hole on top of mountain as reservoir. Water then runs at high speed through pipes 1.5km long pipes 550m down to powerplant (built in cave inside mountain) and second reservoir which captures water from rain..
This is upper one, I was there, and its not as big as it looks here..
Image

Wind plants are around this place, but of course, they dont provide enough power to pump water up :-) You need nuclear powerplant to fill it at full speed..
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Unread postby Starvid » Sun 29 May 2005, 12:42:45

I have said it before but here it goes again. Peak Oil is a liquid fuels problem, not an energy problem (so discussing pumped hydro is somewhat irrelevant). These liquid fuels are mainly used for tranportation, so Peak Oil is mainly a transportation issue. When it comes to liquid fuels Robert Hirsch knows what to do and that has been posted earlier in this thread.

But.

All transportation doesn't need liquid fuels. Trains, trams, ships and scooters can all be powered by electricity from the grid (and ships can be, and are powered from their own nuclear "grid").

Most people don't need cars. Of course, people living in the countryside or such like will need it, but most people live in cities or suburbs. Trains, trams and scooters are very good there. If that infrastructure doesn't exist today it will be built when oil gets more expensive.

There are alternatives.

As battery technology improves all-electric cars with the same performance as todays gasoline cars are not impossible.
Peak oil is not an energy crisis. It is a liquid fuel crisis.
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Unread postby rockdoc123 » Sun 29 May 2005, 16:32:04

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'A')ll transportation doesn't need liquid fuels. Trains, trams, ships and scooters can all be powered by electricity from the grid (and ships can be, and are powered from their own nuclear "grid").


True but in practical terms you need to replace the total volume of liquid fuels being used currently. The logistics and associated costs of doing so are enormous. Perhaps if there was a push to phase in alternatives now you could prolong the peak.

One thing we have to remember is that coal is also a finite resource. People see coal mines and they instantly think power...it doesn't work that way. There are various grades of coal and only certain ones will work for electricity generation...others are used to create coke for the steel industry. As well there is not an infinite supply of uranium although breeder reactors might work if you had enough of them...also you have to figure out how to dispuse of the waste
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Unread postby Starvid » Sun 29 May 2005, 18:27:02

We don't have to convert all transport from oil overnight. Rome wasn't built in a day and we have several decades.

Coal shouldn't be used. Coal is bad. Nuclear should be used. Nuclear is good.

Waste and finity of fuel: $this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')uclear waste disposal: The problem is smaller than it seems. The amounts are relatively tiny and it is possible to store it in the bedrock. It will be rather cheap.

Finity of nuclear fuel: In theory nuclear fuel is finite. So is solar power, since solar power is the radiation from the big fusion plant in the sky. In practice they are both sustainable.

Let's do some counting. Let's say all primary energy is changed to nuclear. Let's also say energy use increases 50 %. Today nuclear energy is 6-7 % of all primary energy. That means we need a 15-fold increase, and then 50 % on top of that. Today the reserves of nuclear fuel are enough for about 200 years.

200/15=13,33 years

13,33/1,5=8,9 years

Spooky huh? Well, no, because we can get breeder reactors. That means we get 60 times as much energy from the fuel.

8,9*60= 533 years

Ergo= If we get breeders up and working we are set for quite a long time.

But this is not all ( I sound like a TV-Shop guy), you also have thorium! There is 3 times as much thorium in the ground as there is uranium [...] [ Thorium can also be bred]. But there is more! There is also insane amounts of uranium solved in the sea! We are not really sure how to get this uranium into the reactors, but when (if) we do, we are just as home free as if we manage to harness fusion.
Peak oil is not an energy crisis. It is a liquid fuel crisis.
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Unread postby DriveElectric » Mon 30 May 2005, 08:34:54

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('rockdoc123', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'A')ll transportation doesn't need liquid fuels. Trains, trams, ships and scooters can all be powered by electricity from the grid (and ships can be, and are powered from their own nuclear "grid").


True but in practical terms you need to replace the total volume of liquid fuels being used currently.


No you don't. You only need to replace about 25% to 50%. You assume that the replacement infrastructure is going to be as energy wasteful as the current infrastructure (SUVs). The opposite is likely true. As just one example, the average gas powered vehicle in the USA gets 20 mpg. The replacement average will likely by more than 60+ mpg (ethanol/biodiesel plug-in hybrids).
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Unread postby ubercrap » Mon 06 Jun 2005, 00:51:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('JohnDenver', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('0mar', 'A')ny move to alternatives is at least 20-50 years in the making.


According to Hirsch, peak oil could be completely mitigated with a 20 year program based only on the following measures:

1. Fuel efficient transportation,
2. Heavy oil/Oil sands,
3. Coal liquefaction,
4. Enhanced oil recovery,
5. Gas-to-liquids.

Note that Hirsch only considers a no-conservation, pro-sprawl, business-as-usual solution:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Hirsch', 'O')ur focus is on large-scale, physical mitigation, as opposed to policy actions, e.g. tax credits, rationing, automobile speed restrictions, etc. We define physical mitigation as 1) implementation of technologies that can substantially reduce the consumption of liquid fuels (improved fuel efficiency) while still delivering comparable service and 2) the construction and operation of facilities that yield large quantities of liquid fuels.


$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Omar', 'E')ven at the low end of this estimate, we will be running up against peak oil. With the infrastructure in place today, which is dependant on market forces, there will be no sizeable move to alternative energies, not while fossil fuels are abundant and cheap.


Omar, you don't seem to understand that "alternatives" includes fossil fuels other than oil, as indicated by Hirsch's five alternatives, indicated above. Yes, if you assume that we won't use those five alternatives, we're in big trouble. But that's a bogus assumption.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Omar', 'H')ell, building a single nuclear reactor takes about a decade.


How much of that time is bureaucratic wrangling? From Hirsch's report:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Hirsch', 'W')hat used to be termed the “not-in-my-back-yard” (NIMBY) principle has evolved into the “build-absolutely-nothing-anywhere-near-anything” (BANANA) principle, which is increasingly being applied to facilities of any type, including low-income housing, cellular phone towers, prisons, sports stadiums, water treatment facilities, airports, hazardous waste facilities, and even new fire houses.99 Construction of even a single, relatively innocuous, urgently needed facility can easily take more than a decade.


$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Omar', 'M')r. (Dr.?) Hirsch reported in one of ASPO's newsletters a detailed summary about our current situation. The measures we are talking about now should have been in effect during the 60s and 70s. I suggest everyone who proposes an alternate style of the way things are run to read this and digest it.

That's an exaggeration. At worst, Hirsch's report might be interpreted as saying that we should have started 20 years ago, in 1985 (assuming we are peaking right now, which is something he does not say). It should also be noted that Hirsch, Matthew Simmons and Kjell Aleklett pooh-poohed doom at the recent Uppsala Peak Oil Seminar:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')hey all think Peak Oil is a very grave issue, but they also think the doomers are wrong. On a specific question they said Richard Heinberg was very much to pessimistic.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')hey meant Heinberg was to pessimistic on technology and uh, society. They didn't believe that the end of the world was near, but that we would, and I quote, "muddle through". They said we might have a few rough decades but that the world will not end.
http://www.peakoil.com/fortopic8144-0.html

Oh jesus, somebody mentions the oil sands again? Listen, the people who run the whole oil sands thing say 3 mbpd by 2020, maybe 5 mbpd sometime, maybe decades after. These are the optimistic estimates from the people that will benefit the most. Just a couple of years of decline will eat that up. Then what. For god's sake, it's about rate of production people, as many others on the forums have been saying, and have been saying myself. Even if this 20 year plan worked, then what?
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Unread postby Andy » Mon 06 Jun 2005, 12:01:30

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Starvid', 'C')oal shouldn't be used. Coal is bad. Nuclear should be used. Nuclear is good.


Coal is bad from a global warming perspective. Nuclear is better from a global warming perpective but that is not the only consideration when energy technologies are concerned. Nuclear is just as bad as coal from a health impact perspective (Some will vehemently disagree but that's my position based on what I have read); worse than anything else from a proliferation perspective and poses significant long term risks in the potentially volatile upcoming socioeconomic and geopolitical environment.

My position is neither should be used. They both should be slowly phased out. You don't deal with one problem by knowingly accepting another serious problem. (Would you care to trade heart disease for cancer anyone?)
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