by MarkJ » Sat 13 Feb 2010, 11:09:47
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ')The weight of this recession has fallen most heavily upon men, whoâve suffered roughly three-quarters of the 8 million job losses since the beginning of 2008. Male-dominated industries (construction, finance, manufacturing) have been particularly hard-hit, while sectors that disproportionately employ women (education, health care) have held up relatively well. In November, 19.4 percent of all men in their prime working years, 25 to 54, did not have jobs, the highest figure since the Bureau of Labor Statistics began tracking the statistic in 1948. At the time of this writing, it looks possible that within the next few months, for the first time in U.S. history, women will hold a majority of the countryâs jobs.
In this respect, the recession has merely intensified a long-standing trend. Broadly speaking, the service sector, which employs relatively more women, is growing, while manufacturing, which employs relatively more men, is shrinking. The net result is that men have been contributing a smaller and smaller share of family income.
âTraditionalâ marriages, in which men engage in paid work and women in homemaking, have long been in eclipse. Particularly in blue-collar families, where many husbands and wives work staggered shifts, men routinely handle a lot of the child care today. Still, the ease with which gender bends in modern marriages should not be overestimated. When men stop doing paid workâand even when they work less than their wivesâmarital conflict usually follows.
Last March, the National Domestic Violence Hotline received almost half again as many calls as it had one year earlier; as was the case in the Depression, unemployed men are vastly more likely to beat their wives or children. More common than violence, though, is a sort of passive-aggressiveness. In Identity Economics, the economists George Akerloff and Rachel Kranton find that among married couples, men who arenât working at all, despite their free time, do only 37 percent of the housework, on average. And some men, apparently in an effort to guard their masculinity, actually do less housework after becoming unemployed.
Many working women struggle with the idea of partners who arenât breadwinners. âWeâve got this image of Archie Bunker sitting at home, grumbling and acting out,â says Kathryn Edin, a professor of public policy at Harvard, and an expert on family life. âAnd that does happen. But you also have women in whole communities thinking, âThis guyâs nothing.ââ Edinâs research in low-income communities shows, for instance, that most working women whose partner stayed home to watch the kidsâwhile very happy with the quality of child care their childrenâs father providedâwere dissatisfied with their relationship overall. âThese relationships were often filled with conflict,â Edin told me. Even today, she says, menâs identities are far more defined by their work than womenâs, and both men and women become extremely uncomfortable when menâs work goes away.
This part is similar to The Breadwinners Wear Lipstick thread.