This one deserves a thread of it's own.
IMF insider explains the extraordinary ordinariness of the economic situation in the US, and how they are handled by the lending agency, in other failing banana republics. If their strategies work, the country cuts imports, revives export base, and imposes austerity measures. They are usually forced to raise their interest rates, so become mired in deflations or depressions that seem to go on forever. If the solutions proposed fail, or leaders don't abide by them, the country experiences massive inflation. This is one of the reasons we have the ongoing inflation deflation debates. We have internalized the ensuing political elite struggles that ensue, during crunch time. We know in our guts it's a matter of if and how the elite go after their own, Orc like, that determines how this will play out.
The Quiet Coup:
But I must tell you, to IMF officials, all of these crises looked depressingly similar. Each country, of course, needed a loan, but more than that, each needed to make big changes so that the loan could really work. Almost always, countries in crisis need to learn to live within their means after a period of excess—exports must be increased, and imports cut—and the goal is to do this without the most horrible of recessions. Naturally, the fund’s economists spend time figuring out the policies—budget, money supply, and the like—that make sense in this context. Yet the economic solution is seldom very hard to work out.
No, the real concern of the fund’s senior staff, and the biggest obstacle to recovery, is almost invariably the politics of countries in crisis.
Typically, these countries are in a desperate economic situation for one simple reason—the powerful elites within them overreached in good times and took too many risks. Emerging-market governments and their private-sector allies commonly form a tight-knit—and, most of the time, genteel—oligarchy, running the country rather like a profit-seeking company in which they are the controlling shareholders. When a country like Indonesia or South Korea or Russia grows, so do the ambitions of its captains of industry. As masters of their mini-universe, these people make some investments that clearly benefit the broader economy, but they also start making bigger and riskier bets. They reckon—correctly, in most cases—that their political connections will allow them to push onto the government any substantial problems that arise.
http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/print/200905/imf-advice