Bad government planning is the big factor but oil prices are not totally out of the picture (allegedly). The government had coal transport companies on fixed contracts and rising prices forced them out of bussiness, the powerstations are not getting the coal to them. It also drew down its reserve supply apparently as a cost saving measure.
The government seems to have given us an intersting foreshadowing of the unintended consaquencies of not enough oil to go round.
http://www.mnet.co.za/Mnet/Shows/carteb ... sp?Id=3444
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'C')hris: 'There is not enough electricity. That is why we are having blackouts.'
Wouter Wolmerans used to deliver coal by truck to Majuba.
Wouter Wolmerans (Transporter): 'There was always a lot of coal and a lot of trucks like 300 trucks standing there to offload coal. Tuthuka had a big stockpile - I would say about 400m long, 60m wide by 30m high.'
When we flew past nearby Tuthuka power station there appeared to be no stockpile of coal. All that remains is a black stained stretch of land. However, Eskom's Steve Lennon insists that wet coal remains a major problem and, when pressed to supply Carte Blanche with figures of the actual stockpiles at the power stations, he declined.
Derek: 'Can you give us a print-out of how much coal is being delivered to those stations?'
Steve: 'We can give you the big picture on coal, but to give you the detail on every single power station and the coal situation is not our policy.'
Derek: 'Why not?'
Steve: 'Because there is obviously security issues that relate to the security of the supply to those power stations. But what I can say is that we have never been in the situation where our stockpiles have gotten to a zero or negative situation.'
But where are those coal stocks?
Let's go back to 2004. That year Eskom cancelled many existing transport contracts and handed over the job to ten BEE companies, many with little experience in transport. According to Chris, one of the contractors was an interior decorator. Eskom paid the contractors 43 cents per tonne of coal per kilometre and they paid their sub-contractors 40 cents per tonne.
Chris: 'There were major problems as the rates were too low. I said to them, 'Look, if you don't pay higher rates to make it feasible for the guys they will go into liquidation'. They will go bankrupt. They will not have enough trucks to supply the coal because they are already short of trucks to supply the coal and this is going to happen.'
Chris's prediction was spot on and the new transporters soon began to feel the pinch. The 40 cents per tonne was simply not enough for the subcontractors. Atrocious roads, which led to many breakdowns, didn't help their cause.
Chris: 'We complained with Eskom on the dirt road to the one mine. That road is very bad and the maintenance cost is very high. They must repair the road. They couldn't get somebody to repair the road and they asked us to do it. We repaired the road twice but we didn't get paid. Thereafter we refused. We were not going to repair the road again. A couple of weeks later the farmers decided that the road is getting so bad that the farmers closed the road. After they closed the road, within a matter of six hours Eskom signed a deal with the farmers that they must repair the road. Within a couple of days the road was repaired and has been maintained ever since.'
Wouter and his father, who were subcontracted to Chris, went bankrupt as they could not survive at 40 cents per kilometre.
Wouter: 'The diesel prices went up by 80 percent in the period of a year. We had a lot of breakdowns then. Out of 27 trucks, if you only had 20 breakdowns a day you were lucky. Your overheads were more than your income. There was no way you could survive.'
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')he roots of last week's catastrophe lie in two fateful decisions made by Eskom soon after Thulani Gcabashe was appointed CEO in 2000. The first of these was to sell off most of Eskom's coal stockpiles. Eskom's annual report for 2001 states that the decision had been taken to "reduce actively its coal stockpile levels to reduce working capital and related holding costs." In 2000 Eskom had 19,8 million tons (Mt) of coal in stock or 61 days of burn. By the end of 2001 this had been brought down to 14,8Mt or 44 days of burn.