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Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

General discussions of the systemic, societal and civilisational effects of depletion.

Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby KillTheHumans » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 18:22:40

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', 'I')t doesn't change Monte's point significantly but it is worth noting:

The median age of Pakistan is 21, meaning that MQ's assertion of 70% of the population under 16 is impossible.



PLEASE!!! HOW DARE YOU DO THE MATH!!!!

What are you...some silly kind of economist!!!
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby MonteQuest » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 18:51:05

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', ' ')The median age of Pakistan is 21, meaning that MQ's assertion of 70% of the population under 16 is impossible.

Global Health Facts says that 40% of Pakistan's population is under 15, not 70%.


Tyler is correct. I was in error. My memory is not serving me well. :)

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '4')7% of the developing world's population cannot be under 15 because Uganda is the only country in the world with a median age under 15.


Again, too quick with my figures and too general a statement.

Countries With 45% or More of the Population
0-14 Years of Age


Countries with population 0-14 Years of Age (%)

Afghanistan 45
Burkina Faso 47
Burundi 46
Chad 48
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 47
Congo, Republic of the 46
Gaza Strip 48
Madagascar 45
Malawi 47
Mali 48
Mauritania 46
Mayotte 46
Niger 47
Sao Tome and Principe 48
Sierra Leone 45
Uganda 50
Yemen 46
Zambia 46

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I')n addition, Monte often uses old data with regards to fertility rates.


I have only ever cited 1.2 % as the current population growth rate. 1.2% a year, with fertility at an average 2.7 children per women, well above the 2.1 replacement level. Source: World Population Datasheet 2007.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'I') feel the need to bring up these numbers because the question of scalable alternatives relies on the assumption of either:
A. Runaway population growth
B. A rapidly falling population growth rate

If, as Monte asserts, A is the global population situation, then it will be extremely difficult (if not impossible) for alternatives to work.

If, as others in this thread belief, B is the global population situation, then there is a greater possibility for alternative energy sources to work.


Again, the UN projections on a decline in fertility to a stabilization at 9.2 billion is based upon a continued rise in the standard of living in the developing world.

A prospect that is unlikely to continue with peak oil.

Stabilization as a species approaches it's carrying capacity is one thing. Overshoot is another. We are in overshoot, not approaching stabilizaton.

70/1.2%(current growth rate) = 58.3 years before a doubling to 13.4 billion.

The urgency of realising the reductions in fertility projected, and more, is made clear by the UN: "A fertility path half a child below the medium [variant projection, 2006 Revision] would lead to a population of 7.8 billion by mid-century. That is, at the world level, continued population growth until 2050 is inevitable even if the decline of fertility accelerates."

Image

The UN's Constant-fertility Scenario extrapolation of population growth to 2300 at 1995-2000 fertility levels shows world population reaching 134 trillion by 2300. So, right now, we are most definitely experiencing "runaway population growth."
Last edited by MonteQuest on Sun 02 Dec 2007, 19:10:27, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby MonteQuest » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 18:54:44

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('KillTheHumans', ' ')PLEASE!!! HOW DARE YOU DO THE MATH!!!!


Like Tyler said, it doesn't change my point significantly. This population demographic is why even with a replacement fertility, the popualtion will continue to grow for some time.

That's the point.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby kublikhan » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 19:13:19

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'I')t was your dismissive reaction that I was referring to.
If the worst ecological damage we have to fear from using windmills and solar power is dead insects and too much shade in the desert, sign me today for a windmill and solar panel.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby MonteQuest » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 19:42:51

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('kublikhan', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'I')t was your dismissive reaction that I was referring to.
If the worst ecological damage we have to fear from using windmills and solar power is dead insects and too much shade in the desert, sign me today for a windmill and solar panel.


That type of thinking is what the causes the problems we now face. I have heard the same mantra for over 37 years from people without an ecological paradigm.

There are no limits to how much we can shade the desert, or kill birds and insects, or alter weather patterns?

There are always limits and we need to start putting them first.

Nature must dictate what the supply will be, not man's demand.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby kublikhan » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 19:54:50

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'T')hat type of thinking is what the casues the problems we now face. I have heard the same mantra for over 37 years from people without an ecological paradigm. Next?
So lets say you are dictator of the world and enforce a power down to 1/5 our current level. You said you don't want us going back to the caves, so we have to get our power from somewhere. Any possible way you generate that power is going to despoil the environment to some extent. Fossil fuels are unsustainable and cause global warming, nuclear power produces radioactive waste, solar power shades the desert, and wind power kills insects. What method of power generation do you pick? Or is it back to the caves for us?
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby Ludi » Sun 02 Dec 2007, 21:23:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('kublikhan', 'S')o lets say you are dictator of the world and enforce a power down to 1/5 our current level.



That's probably too much, not sustainable. Just FYI. Probably needs to be more like 1/10 our current level.


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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby MonteQuest » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 02:11:27

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('kublikhan', ' ')So lets say you are dictator of the world and enforce a power down to 1/5 our current level. You said you don't want us going back to the caves, so we have to get our power from somewhere. Any possible way you generate that power is going to despoil the environment to some extent. Fossil fuels are unsustainable and cause global warming, nuclear power produces radioactive waste, solar power shades the desert, and wind power kills insects. What method of power generation do you pick?


Sustainable renewable ecologically sound power. However, adherence to that criteria will not support 6.7 bililon. We have to accept the billions in die-off to a sustainable level that these power systems can support on a sustainable basis.

But initially, we are going to try and support the current population. The scale required is immense and will degrade the already fragile carrying capacity even more.

We must practice ecological modesty and a serious powerdown.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby yesplease » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 03:14:28

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Ludi', 'T')hat's probably too much, not sustainable. Just FYI. Probably needs to be more like 1/10 our current level.
Who do you mean by we? On average most of the first world only uses half as much as the US does per capita due to economic incentives, so 1/5 of what most developed countries use is 1/10 of what those in North America use.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'S')ustainable renewable ecologically sound power. However, adherence to that criteria will not support 6.7 bililon.
Well, power won't feed anyone... Just like ecologically sound agriculture won't power a fission reactor. :p But, that being said, are you contending that we couldn't feed 6.7 billion with ecologically sound practices, assuming current plant and livestock production?
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby FreakOil » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 04:42:43

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('yesplease', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Ludi', 'T')hat's probably too much, not sustainable. Just FYI. Probably needs to be more like 1/10 our current level.
Who do you mean by we? On average most of the first world only uses half as much as the US does per capita due to economic incentives, so 1/5 of what most developed countries use is 1/10 of what those in North America use.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'S')ustainable renewable ecologically sound power. However, adherence to that criteria will not support 6.7 bililon.
Well, power won't feed anyone... Just like ecologically sound agriculture won't power a fission reactor. :p But, that being said, are you contending that we couldn't feed 6.7 billion with ecologically sound practices, assuming current plant and livestock production?


I don't think we should assume current plant and livestock production. Industrial agriculture is heavily dependent on petroleum and natural gas. I've read elsewhere on this site that that agriculture takes up 10 percent of all fossil fuel used in the United States, including transport to market. (Correct me if I'm wrong.)

If fuel were rationed and the appropriate amount set aside for farmers, we could keep the industrial agriculture machine going for some time to come. But I fear the consequences. Industrial agriculture degrades the soil. If not for natural gas fertilizers, you might end up with a desert in the midwesterm states. I'm not sure about the situation outside the U.S. Furthermore, the aftermath of Peak Oil is likely to bring about all sorts of economic and social problems that could hinder us from allocating fuel properly.

I have no idea what the carrying capacity is or how much food we can produce using organic, sustainable agriculture. But I do believe that a lot of the agricultural land that we rely on today will not be agriculturally productive in the future. And then there's Global Warming ...
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby kublikhan » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 05:24:00

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'S')ustainable renewable ecologically sound power.
Solar & wind power are sustainable and renewable. No power generation is ecologically sound. It is simply a matter of scale. IE, how much damage is acceptable to you?

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'T')he laws of thermodynamics tells you it will. You have to take that energy from something else.
Well then what if we took energy out of the system by placing many solar cells, but then we balanced that out by lowering the amount of energy that is reflected back into space? Global dimming from pollution currently decreases the amount of solar radiation, what if we took the opposite approach, lower particulates and increase solar radiation?
Or place the solar panels in space in a high orbit and beam the energy back down to earth via Microwave power transmission(MPT).
We have successfuly increased our energy use, not taken energy out of the system, and the laws of thermodynamics are safe.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'H')owever, adherence to that criteria will not support 6.7 billion.
What is sustainable depends on exactly what kind of future you want to live in. It has a moral and ethical component to it, not just raw numbers as you seem to be suggesting. From the paper "Limits-to-Sustainability":
"For example, two alternative visions of the future could be imagined, both of which may be sustainable from a purely technical perspective. Following the current technocratic path, we could turn more than 50% of the U.S. land area into short-rotation tree monocultures that can be harvested for biomass energy at sustainable rates. Similarly, we could dot the landscape with millions of huge noisy windmills and unsightly power-poles and cover half of American Southwest land area with photovoltaic cells. We could also dam every conceivable river and creek and push many aquatic species over the brink to extinction. All this would be necessary to maintain the current standard of living for the current U.S. population at the cost of an impoverished environment that has few other species, no wilderness, and is monotonous and sterile. Alternatively, it could be envisioned that we simplify our lifestyle, drastically reduce population, and only minimally interfere with natural processes to meet our limited energy needs. As a result, we would live in a world that is rich in diversity and natural beauty. The choice is ours! Using renewable energy as an example, it is therefore clear that sustainability involves more than just the technical issue of eco-efficiency. There are, in fact, different degrees of sustainability we can aim for and our choice depends on our values and vision of the future. As was pointed out earlier, the size of this upper limit is not only determined by technical and scientific considerations but is also strongly affected by ethical and social factors."

Maybe 2-3 billion is the number of people this planet could sustain with lots of pretty trees and butterflies and such. But if we took the technocratic path and turned the planet into a giant farm/power plant that did nothing but sustain us, the number of people that could be sustained would be much higher. I am not advocating this path mind you.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', 'W')e must practice ecological modesty and a serious powerdown.
Agreed.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby yesplease » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 05:26:56

Those figures seem fairly accurate, and not very surprising IMO. Business tends to support it's own until it becomes prohibitively costly to do so, they don't wanna piss in their beer and all that. That being said, current organic farming has ~80% of the yield that fossil fuel intensive farming does, in a sustainable fashion. Cutting livestock production could make up the difference in yields while keeping land use constant since so much energy is lost between trophic levels.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby Narz » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 07:37:24

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('MonteQuest', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Narz', 'W')hat I'm saying is that I can only indirectly effect the reproductive actions of other people.


Not reproduction, Narz, population reduction. Increase the death rate.

By design or by default. Default is the worse outcome.

Such a dilemma.

Assuming I wanted to play along. How do I personally increase the death rate (without breaking the law)?
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby Dezakin » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 08:31:52

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('FreakOil', 'I') don't think we should assume current plant and livestock production. Industrial agriculture is heavily dependent on petroleum and natural gas. I've read elsewhere on this site that that agriculture takes up 10 percent of all fossil fuel used in the United States, including transport to market. (Correct me if I'm wrong.)

If fuel were rationed and the appropriate amount set aside for farmers, we could keep the industrial agriculture machine going for some time to come. But I fear the consequences. Industrial agriculture degrades the soil. If not for natural gas fertilizers, you might end up with a desert in the midwesterm states.


The end of fertilizers with natural gas is a bedtime story parents tell their children when they want them to grow up to be petrochemical engineers. Its utter nonsense. You need hydrogen to make ammonia and ammonia for the fertilizers and thats it. Its produced on industrial levels in south africa today from coal, and you can just as easily make it from solar or nuclear power reactors.
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby BigTex » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 14:57:00

Sorry to backtrack here, but what would that long term population growth chart a few pages back look like if superimposed on a global oil production graph covering a similar period?

(I know oil production prior to 1800 or so is going to be near zero).

I'm sure this idea has been addressed many times before, but is there any reason to believe that the population growth curve will differ significantly from the oil production growth curve going forward?

I think that any arguments for a divergence of the two curves in the future would be an interesting discussion. That's really what the techno-fix camp is suggesting, right?
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby Tyler_JC » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 18:25:38

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('BigTex', 'S')orry to backtrack here, but what would that long term population growth chart a few pages back look like if superimposed on a global oil production graph covering a similar period?

(I know oil production prior to 1800 or so is going to be near zero).

I'm sure this idea has been addressed many times before, but is there any reason to believe that the population growth curve will differ significantly from the oil production growth curve going forward?

I think that any arguments for a divergence of the two curves in the future would be an interesting discussion. That's really what the techno-fix camp is suggesting, right?


Image

People point to charts like this in order to frame a fallacious argument.

Rapid population growth was not a result extra "energy".

It was a direct result of a lower death rate, as Monte loves to point out so often.

Sanitation improved in the 1800s. Medicine improved. Diseases were cured. Germ Theory was discovered. Vaccinations were invented. Pollution controls were implemented. Hospitals were built.

All of that stuff has very little to do with extra energy and absolutely nothing to do with crude oil (which hadn't even been discovered to be useful until the early 20th Century and wasn't widely available till the 1940s).

Someone please explain to me how "Peak Oil" is going to mean "Peak Vaccination"?

Preferably someone who does not believe that vaccinations are a mind control tool.

Rapid population growth was a result of a lower death rate, not a higher birth rate.

Moreover, lower birth rates and higher death rates in poor countries is not the same thing as a global population dieoff.

Again, is Italy "dying off" right now?
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 20:44:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', '
')
Image

People point to charts like this in order to frame a fallacious argument.



This graph actually forces me to ask a different question. Why does Duncan claim that starting in 1970 energy per capita on a global basis is actually decreasing ( leading up to the wonderful pseudo science of the great SLIDE!! :lol: ) and this graph appears to directly contradict that statement ( and his graph )?

Oh yes...its me....surprisingly I discovered my occasionally permanent/ sometimes enforced, often reversed / amusingly arbitrary ban has apparently been lifted! :-D
So....heading into our 3rd year post peak and I'm still getting caught in traffic jams!! DieOff already!
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby Tyler_JC » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 21:07:40

RGR,

That useless chart doesn't reflect the rise and then drop of per capita energy use from 1950 to 2000 (peaking in 1979).

But considering that energy efficiency has skyrocketed since then, REAL per capita energy use has increased dramatically.

Just like how we would never talk about GDP without adjusting for inflation, why are we talking about energy use without adjusting for efficiency?
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby ReserveGrowthRulz » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 21:27:33

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', 'R')GR,

That useless chart doesn't reflect the rise and then drop of per capita energy use from 1950 to 2000 (peaking in 1979).



As I examine the chart, I see the following. 10 incremental tic marks between 1950 and 2000 signifying 5 year increments? I then count increments backwards and appear to arrive in 1987 or thereabouts for the final datapoint?

And the datapont prior to that appears to be 1979? If ANY of this actually substantiated Duncans estimates, the final datapoint should be lower, right? The metric sure looks to be about the same.

So this chart is just someone's personal silliness, rather than the peer reviewed, highly scientific and universally respected info we usually use during our high brow debates around here? :lol: :lol:

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', '
')
But considering that energy efficiency has skyrocketed since then, REAL per capita energy use has increased dramatically.


Increased dramatically, or decreased dramatically?

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', '
')
Just like how we would never talk about GDP without adjusting for inflation, why are we talking about energy use without adjusting for efficiency?


I have not a clue. I am perfectly willing to fight either side of the issue. Are people still making the mistake around here of confusing current crude prices with "high" prices, versus "just the same as the last time we were running out of oil" prices?
So....heading into our 3rd year post peak and I'm still getting caught in traffic jams!! DieOff already!
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Re: Peak Oil : Scalability and Orders of Magnitude

Postby MonteQuest » Mon 03 Dec 2007, 23:24:30

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('yesplease', 'W')ell, power won't feed anyone... Just like ecologically sound agriculture won't power a fission reactor. :p But, that being said, are you contending that we couldn't feed 6.7 billion with ecologically sound practices, assuming current plant and livestock production?


No way. Currently, about 40% of all solar energy captured by photosynthesis is used by humans. On its own, solar energy cannot support the present human population without supplementation by non-renewable energy sources, such as fossil fuels.

Ecologically sound practices could never have caused overshoot, therefore it cannot support a population in overshoot.

Overshoot only becomes possible when a species encounters a rich and previously unexploited stock of resources (a one time windfall) that promotes its reproduction. In our case, fossil fuels.

Please don't reply until you've read this:

Eating Fossil Fuels
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