by Olle » Fri 14 Jul 2006, 07:30:51
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('ajwald', 'T')askforce_Unity, et al:
Thank you for your reply !
Unfortunately, I have not only studied the alternatives (both renewable and unsustainable) already, but I have also studied the numbers. That is, the watts and joules. I think studying physics makes the issue seem more urgent to me than it would others, because I've reached my own conclusion that we truly are screwed.
Let's look at food as one example. It's purely an infrastructure issue. The amount of BTU's that go into producing our food - even discluding transportation - are ridiculous. For example, look at how fertilizer is made:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) <--> 2NH3(g) [aka fertilizer]
This is the Haber process. Most people don't realize how much energy is required to obtain natural hydrogen. It requires methane (aka natural gas), or enough energy to perform electrolysis. It can also be done with carbon monoxide and water, but there's no natural source of CO. Without fertilizer, a lot of us starve to death. Without natural gas, no fertilizer - because there is no infrastructure right now to produce hydrogen gas from electricity in the quantities we need. If we were to use electricity, we'd need to burn 3x more natural gas than if we were to produce the hydrogen from natural gas alone, due to heat loss and inefficiency in the electricy generation process. So then let's try to replace it with wind turbines. The heat required to produce the materials in a wind turbine itself is more than what the wind turbine will provide in its first x years (the number is variable, but its on the order of magnitude of years). So in a crash scenario, there's simply no time. And with prices on natural gas (the only resource that provides instant heat) skyrocketing in a panic, there is no affordability for a crash program at all.
There are no immediate substitutes for something as simple as food production. An analogy is building a house in 5 hours. So, when oil peaks, natural gas will also dwindle with it, and non-organic food will have a huge premium on it.
The only way we wouldn't starve is if we all grow our own organic food. But... again, none of my friends listen to me. So, they won't actually start building a mini greenhouse and growing gardens until they are starving.
My point is .. it's great that we have books like that available. But, a lot of the people that count (our generation) are not reading that book, and moreover should not be told that "it's not as bad as it seems", because it truly is! There are solutions, and then there are implementable solutions.
I think I have read a lot of pessimistic crap by people who probably have their own pet peeves and want to see society crash and burn. But I've stopped reading non-technical papers. I only go after the stuff that counts: the numbers, the joules. I don't listen to the preachers that say "we're doomed", I listen to the guy that says "look, a fuel cell requires material A to withstand the pressure of X, but material A requires Y moles of material B which requires Z moles of natural gas to extract, and so it can't be done." Punch some numbers yourself, and eventually you learn to not trust anyone. I know I only trust the facts - not the doomsayers.
So unfortunately I am not open to "don't worry, its not that bad." Nor am I open to "here are some energy solutions." I would just feel a little better if some more physics students like myself would smarten up and research some numbers themselves. This way, they'd know what's coming and feel more motivated to ease the upcoming pain with some innovation.
edit for the other poster: I'd like to add the use of coal to the example. Firstly, my own calculations put the US at having ~30 yearsworth of recoverable coal with growth in energy usage accounted for. That number "250 years" that keeps getting thrown around is total crap. A lot of that supply is an energy sink if you analyze the geology of it. And they keep saying "at present rates of use"...well, if we substitute natural gas and oil with coal....!@#$%^
and the avenue of nuclear --> electrolysis ... I'm all for that if fast breeder reactors get approved. Otherwise, Peak Uranium. I should go buy a peak uranium domain name.
The truth is, if you don't do your own research, you're either at the mercy of the optimists or the pessimists.
I still belive you are getting carried away on the topic. In Europe 5% of our energy ise used for farming INCLUDING manutacture of nitrogen fertilizers. If the price of Oil and Natural Gas goes furter up it is becuase there is a great demand... Right? Sonner or later we wll see demand destruction. And a guess is that there are many things that will not be done (due to high fossil fuel prices) before we stop producing nitrogen fertilizers.
Now, look on Coillin Campbells curve for the next 50 years. Does it look like we're going to be out of Oil or NG the comming 50 years?