by MonteQuest » Fri 30 Jun 2006, 17:25:23
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('dogf', 'Y')ou actually do have a crap load of coal. In fact based on the current CTL technology available, expensive as it is, you have 200 years worth of L from C based on todays driving and machinery. But you are correct in thinking about the enviromental aspect of it. But that will change as it becomes profitable to protect the enviroment, as is now starting....
Obviously, you didn't read the link I posted. Here's a quote from it.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Montequest', 'T')otal proven world reserves of coal are estimated to total almost one trillion tons and are projected to last over 200 years at current rates of consumption. The US has about 250 billion tons of recoverable coal reserves. According to the EIA figures, we can see that we have 255 years of coal remaining in the year 2000 given our current rate of consumption. That prediction assumes equal use of all grades of coal, from anthracite to lignite. Population growth alone reduces the calculated lifetime to some 90-120 years. However, if we look back in history, we see that there were 300 years of coal reserves in 1988, 1000 years reserves in 1904, and 10,000 years reserves in 1868! As each year goes by, our coal consumption increases and we see that the projection becomes meaningless. And if we suddenly move to a bigger reliance on coal, and coal liquidfaction for gas, then this estimate would surely drop dramatically.
Coal peak projections:
Hubbert Model Peak 2032
EIA, Annual Energy Outlook 2004 Peak 2060
Flat gas consumption and greater coal consumption Peak 2053
Flat gas consumption and synfuels from coal to replace oil Peak 2035
http://www.energyedge.net/The_Coal_Story.pdf
So, with
no increase in gasoline consumption, CTL will peak coal in 29 years. Since gasoline consumption
will increase, CTL will peak coal in just a few years.
A Saudi saying, "My father rode a camel. I drive a car. My son flies a jet-plane. His son will ride a camel."
by Graeme » Mon 22 Oct 2007, 00:39:59
U.S. hopes for coal gasification ride on one project
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'M')uch talked-about U.S. efforts to build a coal-fired power plant with near zero emissions are now concentrated in a single project, as the costs and difficulties of the endeavor have mounted and the stakes have risen.
FutureGen, a $1.5 billion public-private venture, aims to design and test the technology required to turn coal into a gas that can be stripped of harmful emissions, then burned to produce electricity and hydrogen. It will also capture carbon dioxide -- widely blamed for global warming -- and store it underground forever.
reuters
Human history becomes more and more a race between education and catastrophe. H. G. Wells.
Fatih Birol's motto: leave oil before it leaves us.
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by roccman » Mon 22 Oct 2007, 13:30:18
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Graeme', '[')b]U.S. hopes for coal gasification ride on one project
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'M')uch talked-about U.S. efforts to build a coal-fired power plant with near zero emissions are now concentrated in a single project, as the costs and difficulties of the endeavor have mounted and the stakes have risen.
FutureGen, a $1.5 billion public-private venture, aims to design and test the technology required to turn coal into a gas that can be stripped of harmful emissions, then burned to produce electricity and hydrogen. It will also capture carbon dioxide -- widely blamed for global warming -- and store it underground forever.
reuters
There is no such thing as clean coal.
Mercury and CO2 are still released into the atmosphere.
SO2, NOX, and VOCs are captured with scrubbers and air is "cleaner" utilizing super critical boilers, but the trade off is increased fly ash.
"Cleaner" air = more waste that needs disposed of and because the gypsum market has collapsed...this waste now gets buried and has the potential to effect ground water supplies.
Then on the Global Dimming side of the equation ...less pollution = accelerated global warming.
Sorry folks - IGCC is like pissing on a volcano.
"There must be a bogeyman; there always is, and it cannot be something as esoteric as "resource depletion." You can't go to war with that." Emersonbiggins
by jbeckton » Mon 22 Oct 2007, 13:45:32
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('roccman', '
')There is no such thing as clean coal.
Mercury and CO2 are still released into the atmosphere.
SO2, NOX, and VOCs are captured with scrubbers and air is "cleaner" utilizing super critical boilers, but the trade off is increased fly ash.
Guess you didn't read the article.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')he technology allows for the separation of the pollutants currently regulated in the United States -- nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide and mercury -- from the gas before burning it. Carbon dioxide can also be separated.
They propose sequestion, hence no CO2 into the atmosphere but it remains to be seen if it is effective. I doubt it. Gasification also separates mercury.
SO2 scrubbers scrub mercury as well. And where on earth did you come up with the notion that scrubbers lead to increased flyash???
If anything, adding SO4 to the flue gas will make particles more susceptible to ion charging and it is more likely to be captured by the precipitator. Hence,
less flyash.
by roccman » Mon 22 Oct 2007, 14:26:38
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('jbeckton', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('roccman', '
')There is no such thing as clean coal.
Mercury and CO2 are still released into the atmosphere.
SO2, NOX, and VOCs are captured with scrubbers and air is "cleaner" utilizing super critical boilers, but the trade off is increased fly ash.
Guess you didn't read the article.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'T')he technology allows for the separation of the pollutants currently regulated in the United States -- nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide and mercury -- from the gas before burning it. Carbon dioxide can also be separated.
They propose sequestion, hence no CO2 into the atmosphere but it remains to be seen if it is effective. I doubt it. Gasification also separates mercury.
SO2 scrubbers scrub mercury as well. And where on earth did you come up with the notion that scrubbers lead to increased flyash???
If anything, adding SO4 to the flue gas will make particles more susceptible to ion charging and it is more likely to be captured by the precipitator. Hence,
less flyash.
A 1500 MW (power to supply 1.5 million homes) plant will produce around 500-600 pounds of Hg per year. Most is captured, but around 120-150 pounds are released into the atomosphere.
LinkAdditionally, 9,000 pounds of selenium are released each year from a 1500 MW plant.
A 1500 MW also produces 12.5 million tons of C02 annually.
CO2 Seq. has never been proven effective or economical.Fly ash from a 1500 MW plant is somewhere in the area of 1-2 million tons million tons per year.
Read more here JB:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'D')esert Rock Emissions
Sithe says that Desert Rock will be a flagship for a new generation of “environmentally friendly” coal-fired plants. According to Desert Rock Energy vice-president Nathan Plagans,
fly ash from the plant will be sold to make concrete, reducing the plant’s solid waste output dramatically, and the plant will use as little water as possible.
Jeff Stant, who has studied the project permit, disagrees. “Assertions of plans are one thing. What the permit says is another.” Desert Rock’s pollution permit application says: “
Solid wastes produced by the combustion of the coal and the air pollution control system will be returned to the mine.” Sithe has also made a voluntary agreement to reduce mercury emissions by 80 percent above what the pollution permit requires. But the Sierra Club, another national environmental group, estimates that
the plant will put 114 to 555 pounds of mercury a year into the local environment, along with tons of other toxins. Regional waterways including the San Juan River are already subject to fish warnings because of high mercury content.
The plant will also emit an estimated 13.7 million tons of global warming pollution per year, Sithe claims that it has designed the plant to function at super-critical heat, to get more energy out of less coal. Yet Sandra Ely, environment and energy policy coordinator for the New Mexico Environment Department, told the Farmington Daily Times that the plant
would raise statewide greenhouse gas levels by 25 percent.
While it is a leading cause of global warming, the EPA currently has no restrictions on carbon dioxide.
That may change soon. California utilities' strict emission standards mean that state will not buy power from coal-powered plants, and other states may soon follow.
Carol Oldham of the Sierra Club is sanguine. “It’s just a matter of time before carbon is heavily regulated,” she says. “A number of industry groups have called for an 80 percent carbon reduction by 2050. So we could end up with a lot of empty plants paid for by our taxes.”
"There must be a bogeyman; there always is, and it cannot be something as esoteric as "resource depletion." You can't go to war with that." Emersonbiggins