by theluckycountry » Wed 21 Aug 2024, 19:04:23
Peak oil and the low-carbon energy transition: A net-energy perspective$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'A')bstract
Since the Pennsylvania oil rush of 1859, petroleum has quickly become the dominant fuel of industrial society. The “Peak Oil” debate focused on whether or not there was an impending production crunch of cheap oil, and whilst there have been no shortages across the globe, a shift from conventional to unconventional oil liquids has occurred.
One aspect of this shift was not fully explored in previous discussions, although of some importance in a low-carbon energy transition context ie: the extent to which the net-energy supply of oil products is affected by the use of lower quality energy sources. To fill this gap, this paper incorporates standard EROI (energy-return-on-investment) estimates and dynamic decline functions in the Global Shift all-liquids bottom-up model on a global scale. We determine the energy necessary for the production of oil liquids (including direct and indirect energy costs) to represent today 15.5% of the energy production of oil liquids, and growing at an exponential rate: by 2050, a proportion equivalent to half of the gross energy output will be engulfed in its own production.
Our findings thus question the feasibility of a global and fast low-carbon energy transition. We therefore suggest an urgent return of the peak oil debate, but including net-energy issues and avoiding a narrow focus on ‘peak supply’ vs ‘peak demand’.
IntroductionToday, oil is a critical supply chain component for 90% of all industrially manufactured products [1]; as such, it is the backbone of industrial civilization. Its large range of strategic advantages...
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 1921011673Ha! EROI, that's a conspiracy theory, so the mainstream media would have you believe. Just another solid fact that was inconvenient and subsequently denigrated by the "Oil Scientists" in the pay of the Blob, so to speak. Tell them anything, but not the truth, not the fact that Civilization as they know it is abruptly coming to an end.
But more and more oil is being used to get more and more oil out of the ground as the fields deplete (obvious 101). This was always my gripe with the shale oil boom (now bust) because so much energy was used to produce it there was little left over to run civilization, to repair America's broken roads and bridges for example. Remember it was the "Oil Boom" of the 1930's that built those amazing concrete interstate highways and put a paved road past every house nearly. What went wrong this time...
EROI. It's great at 100:1, at 15:1 the wheels start to fall off.
Now imagine 50% of the oil being burnt just to get the other 50% out. That leaves nothing at all after all the parasites take their cut. So oil for the rich and the military only as well as food production perhaps, but basically nothing for the rest of us. Like an extended version of what Venezuela is today. Or Sri Lanka, or Bangladesh, Miamar , South Africa, etc, etc. They are losing access to oil because they are "outbid"
by us, the wealthy West. But their militaries are still well supplied as are the wealthy rulers and their toadies. The classic example of this is North Korea. All the energy directed to their military and the elites.
Pull up pictures of Miamar and you'll see this. It's a great place for monied up tourists. But there is another side to the nation. Energy depletion
For Myanmar’s generals, energy crisis threatens shaky grip on power$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'M')yanmar’s natural gas reserves, a key revenue source for the ruling State Administration Council (SAC), are set to dwindle drastically in the coming years, posing a major threat to the generals already struggling to quell opposition to their rule.
Some petrol stations in Yangon have run out of supply while others have huge queues until late at night, a businessman in the commercial capital said. “The cost of electricity has increased by eight to 10 times since the coup. We need to use generators and the fuel price has gone up a lot,” the businessman, who declined to be named for safety reasons, told Al Jazeera. “Neither the military nor petrol stations have any control over what’s going on. The regime seems clueless on how such a shortage will hurt the economy,” he added.
Blame it on a coup but the leaders there are no different to the leaders in America. All are detached from reality, living in ivory castles. They will do what they must to maintain order and revenues. Generals are just politicians in uniforms, warlords if you like. Eventually all nations will follow this pattern. Some may retain their "democratically elected elites" but life on the ground will be the same for the average man.