by kublikhan » Sun 07 Oct 2018, 21:21:34
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', '.') We know that Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece and Ireland were hit the hardest by the Greatest Recession.
We also know it had nothing to do with oil.
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '[')b]WHAT IS THE EUROPEAN DEBT CRISIS?
In its most basic form, it’s just this: Some countries in Europe have way too much debt, and now they risk not being able to pay it all back. Simple!
HOW DID THIS HAPPEN?Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain — gathered under the unfortunate acronym PIIGS — are some of the most highly leveraged eurozone countries, and most people think that if a disaster happens, it will start with one of them. Italy’s debt is 121 percent the size of its economy. For Ireland, that figure is 109 percent. In Greece, it’s 165 percent.
The PIIGS took different paths to this scenario. Ireland, for example, underwent a massive real estate bubble, and its banks sustained giant losses. The Irish government wound up rescuing its banks, and now the country is burdened under a huge debt load.
Spain, which now has a 22 percent unemployment rate, also experienced a huge housing bubble. The country didn’t indulge in excessive borrowing — rather, it ended up with high deficits because it couldn’t collect enough tax revenue to cover its expenses.
Greece, on the other hand, not only borrowed beyond its means, but exacerbated the problem with lots of overspending, little economic production to make up the difference, and some creative bookkeeping to prevent eurozone authorities from realizing the true extent of the situation.
The deficits weren’t piling up everywhere. Countries with strong economies like Germany and France were keeping their output high and their debt at a manageable level. But when 17 nations use the same currency, trouble spreads quickly.
')During the European debt crisis, several countries in the Eurozone were faced with high structural deficits, a slowing economy and expensive bailouts that led to rising interest rates, which exacerbated these governments' tenuous positions. In response, the European Union (EU), European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) embarked on a series of bailouts in exchange for reforms that were eventually successful in decreasing interest rates.
The problem originated as many of the periphery countries had asset bubbles in the time leading to the Great Recession, with capital flowing from stronger economies to weaker economies. This economic growth led policymakers to increase public spending. When these asset bubbles popped, it resulted in massive bank losses that precipitated bailouts. The bailouts exacerbated deficits that were already large due to decreased tax revenues and high spending levels.