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Peak?

General discussions of the systemic, societal and civilisational effects of depletion.

Peak?

Yes
35
No votes
No
3
No votes
How should I know?
14
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Total votes : 52

Re: Peak?

Unread postby Pops » Fri 18 Sep 2015, 12:29:09

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Subjectivist', 'W')hat do you think about the shale loan crisis that seems to be shaping up?

I think the resource and capital assets don't go away. The company may go away, it's debts may be assumed or restructured or just written off (trump says bankruptcy is the American way, LOL) but the assets are still in the ground and capital improvements still on top.

The current surplus is from overproduction. Once the excess clears and the price recovers, some new guy will come along and take up where the last guy left off unless we miraculously decided we don't want oil any more.

My copyrighted rule of thumb is $1/mbd of total supply, so if we want 95mbd we will need to pay $95/bbl. If we want something less we can pay less, I don't see that happening without a recession.

The hitch in that scenario is still, just the same as ever, geologic constraints in conventional oil. 4 years of the highest oil prices and investment ever barely replaced C+C depletion - and likely mostly of the replacement is due to an increase in the second C, condensate. Which ain't nothin' but ain't crude.

When investment can't replace conventional depletion, that is peak.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Tanada » Fri 18 Sep 2015, 15:55:46

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Pops', 'M')y copyrighted rule of thumb is $1/mbd of total supply, so if we want 95mbd we will need to pay $95/bbl. If we want something less we can pay less, I don't see that happening without a recession.

The hitch in that scenario is still, just the same as ever, geologic constraints in conventional oil. 4 years of the highest oil prices and investment ever barely replaced C+C depletion - and likely mostly of the replacement is due to an increase in the second C, condensate. Which ain't nothin' but ain't crude.

When investment can't replace conventional depletion, that is peak.


Personally given that the big oil companies were cancelling projects left and right even when oil was $100/bbl it sure seems like conventional has peaked, but what do I know I am just a typed messages floating around the internet.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby PeakOiler » Fri 18 Sep 2015, 18:54:43

I selected "How should I know?" since I think the "rear view mirror" should be a duration of about 10 years.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby zoidberg » Fri 18 Sep 2015, 20:27:43

2016 might be early. Iran is going to ramp up as is the rest of Opec looking for money. Don't be so impatient lol. Shale and oil are looking to be resilient enough to keep going for a long while yet. Id be reluctant to hazard a guess, but since it scarecly matters im going to say around 2020. All bets are off if war gets into saudi Arabia though and odds of that are increasing.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Subjectivist » Fri 18 Sep 2015, 21:11:35

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('zoidberg', '2')016 might be early. Iran is going to ramp up as is the rest of Opec looking for money. Don't be so impatient lol. Shale and oil are looking to be resilient enough to keep going for a long while yet. Id be reluctant to hazard a guess, but since it scarecly matters im going to say around 2020. All bets are off if war gets into saudi Arabia though and odds of that are increasing.


Two things to keep in mind before you count on Iran flooding world oil markets. First we know they have been cheating, selling oil despite sanctions that America and the EU said they couldn't sell.
Second they have the highest population of any Persian Gulf country and burn a lot of their oil domestically already. The ELM says they will be burning even more domestically by 2020 than they do today.

Given these two facts it seems like other than a very brief blip from whatever they have put in storage the increase in world supply will not be very large or very long lasting.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Tanada » Fri 18 Sep 2015, 23:39:36

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('zoidberg', '2')016 might be early. Iran is going to ramp up as is the rest of Opec looking for money. Don't be so impatient lol. Shale and oil are looking to be resilient enough to keep going for a long while yet. Id be reluctant to hazard a guess, but since it scarecly matters im going to say around 2020. All bets are off if war gets into saudi Arabia though and odds of that are increasing.


Based on this report Iran has a working capacity to produce 4 Million bbl/d of crude oil and as of 2015 they consume 1.6 Million bbl/d internally and under current sanction levels they export 1.4 Million bbl/d. In theory that gives them a surge capacity of exporting an additional 1 Million bbl/d assuming nothing has broken down, worn out, or had deferred maintenance during the last three years. I think it is highly likely that they won't be able to place all 1 Million/bbl/d back into production over night because it is not just the matter of flipping a few switches and turning a few valves. Connections will have to be checked, pipelines inspected and all sorts of other things that probably have not been done recently because there was no need and money has been in short supply due to sanctions and then falling oil prices.

Image
http://iranprimer.usip.org/sites/iranpr ... uction.png

Just to be clear I think they can get that 1 Million back online within a year, but that is not the same thing as dumping it all on the market the week or month after sanctions are lifted. Depending on just how big the over supply of oil is the day the sanctions are actually lifted and how fast the LTO fields in the USA decline down to whatever their steady state is at $50.00/bbl it may turn out that Iranian oil will enter the market at about the same rate LTO exits, maintaining the relative over supply situation for a few months longer than would have been the case if the sanctions remained in place. Very lengthy report link is below the quote for those who want to read the whole thing.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'O')ver the years, Washington has imposed escalating waves of sanctions on Tehran, many of which targeted the oil and gas industry. In 2010, it produced some 3.54 million bpd, though by early 2015 production had dropped to around 3 million bpd. In 2011 and 2012, the United States and European Union imposed the harshest round of sanctions to date. By 2014, Iran’s oil exports plummeted from 2.5 million bpd to 1.4 million bpd, their lowest levels since 1986. The limited sanctions relief in the 2013 interim nuclear deal allowed Iran to modestly increase its export of condensates to China and India, but progress quickly leveled off.

Before the sanctions, the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) held crude production around 4 million barrels per day range for several years. This was a major achievement since most oil sectors with depletion rates of 75 percent usually witness steep declines in production. Indeed, Iran’s base production is declining around 4 percent per year. The recently discovered new sources allowed Iran to hold oil production relatively steady. They could have even helped production levels to grow somewhat beyond that, if sanctions had not placed other restraints on output.

In fact, the government’s efforts did not even reduce refined product consumption. In 2005, Iran consumed 1.3 million barrels per day (bpd) of refined products, 350,000 of which were gasoline. Iran imported around 150,000 bpd of gasoline - nearly 45 percent of consumption. By 2014, demand had growth to 1.6 million bpd, a clear indication that subsidy reform had not been successful in suppressing consumption.

By 2015, Iran had undertaken major efforts to reduce its dependence on foreign imports of refined products. Iran consumed 437,000 bpd of gasoline in 2014, but imports had fallen to a mere 25,000 bpd. Increased refining capacity, even in the face of sanctions, led to near self-sufficiency.


http://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/oil ... s-industry
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby zoidberg » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 09:34:11

Iran was part of the answer. Theres also the issue of unrestricted investment to boost capacity over today's limits which should start helping as the initial surge from storage and idled infrastructure benefits wear off.

The other part is the break down of opec and its cartel to impose supply restrictions. They seem to have given up for now to control price and as revenues go down and debts pile up they will scramble to boost production.

Another big variable is worldwide shale oil resources which are huge. How long will the tech and will to use remain with the US?
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Tanada » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 10:46:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('zoidberg', 'I')ran was part of the answer. Theres also the issue of unrestricted investment to boost capacity over today's limits which should start helping as the initial surge from storage and idled infrastructure benefits wear off.

The other part is the break down of opec and its cartel to impose supply restrictions. They seem to have given up for now to control price and as revenues go down and debts pile up they will scramble to boost production.

Another big variable is worldwide shale oil resources which are huge. How long will the tech and will to use remain with the US?


Unrestricted investment from whom? OPEC is dissolving because the majority of member states are producing at capacity, they simply can not pump any more than they are already pumping. Indonesia was a founding member and they have been importing oil for a decade or so. Mexico has gone from pretty important exporter to importer status. The UK has gone from exporter to importer status. Despite all the Saudi America fantasies promoted over the last few year the USA went from exporting to importing a long time ago and will never be a net exporter again. Norway has been declining for the same reason as the UK and is only an exporter because of their lower population and domestic demand.

You say the OPEC countries will scramble to raise oil production because of the fall in price, however we do not see this actually happening and prices have been relatively low for eight months now. The harsh reality is world net exports have been falling for several years. Partly this is because of various wars in the Middle East/Africa. Libya and Iraq and Syria are all war zones which make exports very difficult at least in terms of reliability. They all had every incentive possible to raise exports when oil was $100.00/bbl and they did just that whenever they could.

As of July 2015 the following OPEC countries had falling exports.
Angola
Iraq
Libya
Venezuela

Of the countries with growing exports the increases did not increase the OPEC total, they just barely managed to hold the level flat.
http://peakoilbarrel.com/wp-content/upl ... PEC-12.jpg
Image

If you can not see the whole chart click on the link, OPEC already made all those increases you are hoping for in the first half of 2015. That's it, they are pumping at capacity and have been for the last four months. They were barely higher than present production in 2008 when they were trying to get that $125/bbl price for every bit they could export and they had Iran and Libya but not Iraq because of the wars.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Pops » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 11:05:55

You might look at that chart and say
Around 2012, OPEC lowered production in an attempt to support the price.
Frackers kept right on fracking on the dime of investors looking for any kind of return (ZIRP)
Since the frackers were not going to exercise any restraint and continue producing flat out, OPEC (KSA) decided to open the spigot, use their spare capacity to break the frackers.
It is working.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Tanada » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 11:24:15

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Pops', 'Y')ou might look at that chart and say
Around 2012, OPEC lowered production in an attempt to support the price.
Frackers kept right on fracking on the dime of investors looking for any kind of return (ZIRP)
Since the frackers were not going to exercise any restraint and continue producing flat out, OPEC (KSA) decided to open the spigot, use their spare capacity to break the frackers.
It is working.


I agree for the most part. Thing is I do not have your confidence that Frackers will be turned back on rapidly when the price goes back up. I can remember what happened in 1986 when KSA crashed world oil prices and dozens of USA alternative oil projects got the axe because they could not compete.

Speaking of which back in 2008 there was a lot of chatter online about the Green River Shale project to heat up the kerogen rich shale there and produce synthetic crude. LTO pretty much killed that off about 2010. I was intrigued by that because back in 1982 when I learned about Peak Oil those green river shale beds were supposed to make the USA energy independent by the year 2000. A quick search turned up two threads where it was discussed,

po-effect-postponed-t60629-40.html

why-the-oil-industry-has-buried-the-idea-of-peak-oil-t64688-140.html
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby ralfy » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 12:55:01

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('zoidberg', 'I')ran was part of the answer. Theres also the issue of unrestricted investment to boost capacity over today's limits which should start helping as the initial surge from storage and idled infrastructure benefits wear off.

The other part is the break down of opec and its cartel to impose supply restrictions. They seem to have given up for now to control price and as revenues go down and debts pile up they will scramble to boost production.

Another big variable is worldwide shale oil resources which are huge. How long will the tech and will to use remain with the US?


The problem is that a peak in production ultimately points to energy returns rather than reserves, and in a global economy that needs more oil each time.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Ibon » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 13:52:04

I had for the first time a guest here from the oil industry. He worked his career as an engineer doing exploration along the gulf coast and did some overseas exploration in Turkey. Worked for Exxon along with other firms. He owns a beach resort on an off shore island here in Panama and came up to get some cool mountain air. I played innocent about peak oil and the oil industry in general and I asked him at one point... " Hey I recall about 6-7 years ago this concept of peak oil was in the news and all this speculation that during this century we will feel a big squeeze as conventional crude and non conventional sources of fossil fuels go into decline. What do you think about that?

His response..... "Hell, they've been saying we're going to run out of oil since I was college. Fracking been around for decades. It's the horizontal technology that's new. Long before we run out of oil we're going to have nuclear fusion with the advances they've been making recently".

Thought I would share that very brief dialogue here. I could have carried on and went far deeper into the topic but there was a social scene happening at that moment that did not compel me to carry the conversation further. Interesting that this guy did not even entertain peak oil as a factor to be concerned about. In conclusion, before we get to any serious constraints we will start ramping up further alternatives with nuclear at the forefront lead by advances in fusion etc.

Just another voice chiming in with his humble opinion.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby ROCKMAN » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 14:32:29

pstarr - "Yes, worldwide shale oil resources which are huge but not available at a reasonable price the world can afford." Really??? Let's just focus on the US and not the world. WE have the infrastructure and personnel magnitudes greater than anywhere else on the planet. And yet when oil was priced at record levels and hundreds of wells tested dozens of shale formations in the US no new trends of any significance compared to the EFS and Bakken were proven. How many of the dozens of other us shale formations (which collective are a 1,000+ times thicker then the EFS and B can you name off of the top of your head? The overwhelming majority of just the US shales have no meaningful oil potential at any price close to "reasonable". In fact little potential at even very high unreasonable prices.

As the old saying goes: you can't get blood out of a turnip...no matter how much you're willing to spend. Shale wells that produce very little oil, no matter how long the laterals and the number of fracs, aren't going to be developed regardless of how high sustained oil prices might reach. In that sense, IHMO, many of those huge "technically recoverable resource" volumes tossed out are grossly overstated. Just consider our very well known Eagle Ford Shale. Most don't realize that the entire formation, even though not much more then 500' thick, is not a prolific oil producer. Eventually companies learned to target specific intervals within the formation. I'm not talking geographically but vertically. Which is why before the learning curve was established hundreds of EFS were drilled that didn't produce enough oil to be commercial successes even at an oil price over $200/bbl.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Pops » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 14:43:05

I don't have "confidence" that frackers or anyone will do anything, I voted "How should I know?"

LoL I'm just throwing out ideas,

I think the '80s were different in that the glut then was of longer-lived conventional wells. Back then the TRRC then OPEC came along to keep drillers from cutting each other's throats because a little overproduction hung around a long time. The were/are monopolies colluding to fix the market price.

I mean think about it, this is the first time there is an actual open market for oil without collusion (or the at least the impression) among producers since maybe 80 or 90 years.

We know that LTO wells have a quick decline but maybe forget that they are not really speculative (in the known sweet spots) like conventional wells were. They have evolved to be "mass produced" so are a pretty sure thing in those areas. All they need is the right price.

--
Image

That is from Bermanand this is him quoting the IEA OMR

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '')On the face of it, the Saudi-led OPEC strategy to defend market share regardless of price appears to be having the intended effect of driving out costly, “inefficient” production.”


Also mentioned is a slowing of demand growth which is obviously a big bad dot...
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Ibon » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 15:42:36

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', '&')quot;Just another voice chiming in with his humble opinion." Or another cog in the wheel who has absolutely no overview of his life and times. I don't mean that as an insult, but rather an explanation of our predicament.


He's come and gone and seemed to be a pretty thick skinned Texan so I doubt he would take your comment as an insult. I found it interesting, this is a guy no longer in the industry, he has checked out so to speak. Has no skin in the game and when we were talking about some other subjects I came to the conclusion that he was not just a narrowly focused engineer but rather open minded on issues.

I do of course agree with Rockman's analysis about shale plays and respect his opinions. I am just playing the part of a reporter here in passing on the comments of our guest.

Remember I posed my question not 5 or 10 years but the whole 21st century and he still did not take the bait in seeing any impacts of depletion. Interesting.
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Re: Peak?

Unread postby Tanada » Sat 19 Sep 2015, 16:17:11

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Pops', 'I') don't have "confidence" that frackers or anyone will do anything, I voted "How should I know?"

LoL I'm just throwing out ideas,

I think the '80s were different in that the glut then was of longer-lived conventional wells. Back then the TRRC then OPEC came along to keep drillers from cutting each other's throats because a little overproduction hung around a long time. The were/are monopolies colluding to fix the market price.

I mean think about it, this is the first time there is an actual open market for oil without collusion (or the at least the impression) among producers since maybe 80 or 90 years.

We know that LTO wells have a quick decline but maybe forget that they are not really speculative (in the known sweet spots) like conventional wells were. They have evolved to be "mass produced" so are a pretty sure thing in those areas. All they need is the right price.

--
Image

That is from Bermanand this is him quoting the IEA OMR

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '')On the face of it, the Saudi-led OPEC strategy to defend market share regardless of price appears to be having the intended effect of driving out costly, “inefficient” production.”


Also mentioned is a slowing of demand growth which is obviously a big bad dot...


Yeah, and if USA decline rates are 510,000/bbl/d in four months then that entire 1.5 MMbbl/d OPEC increase that came on starting in January will be compensated for by April 2016, all other things being equal. That might let Iran sanctions be lifted and an additional 1 MMbbl/d of OPEC oil to show up on the market or everything could stall for months as the left hand and the right hand get into a slap fest instead of making a solid decision. If Iran gets out from under sanctions and they do come fully back by April that would extend the 'glut' out until the end of 2016, again all other things being equal. I am sure the Democrat candidate would appreciate that, low oil prices and a healthy economy would just about guarantee a big D sweep in the fall 2016 elections, but lets not drag off into politics on this thread. Plenty of room for that stuff over in the America's Forum.
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