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Law of Receding Horizons

General discussions of the systemic, societal and civilisational effects of depletion.

Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby cube » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 04:26:43

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', 'T')he Law Of Receding Horizons is incorrect.

Image

Does anyone dispute these charts?
Those charts look ridiculously "sexed up". However there is an interesting pattern. Using your charts....From year 2000 to 2005 there have been no advancement in cost savings. It looks like we've hit a technological "brick wall" and realistically speaking windmills and solar panels won't be going down in price in the near future.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby LoneSnark » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 11:03:08

But if you look at the graphs they do not need to drop any more as they are already below what we currently pay for other technology (11 cents/kwh).
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby Tyler_JC » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 14:02:18

How about this one from the department of energy?

Image

As for the clean energy tax credits, they cost less than a billion dollars a year. It's a rounding error.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby Tyler_JC » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 14:10:35

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('LoneSnark', 'B')ut if you look at the graphs they do not need to drop any more as they are already below what we currently pay for other technology (11 cents/kwh).


And the price of grid electricity keeps going up thanks to higher prices for coal and natural gas.

Prices for renewable energy, on the other hand, are either falling rapidly or at worst roughly flat.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby LoneSnark » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 16:27:34

While peak natural gas might play a role later, since NG prices have not increased very much it is not playing a role today. As for peak coal you are mistaken: coal production has plenty of room to maneuver, non-geologically speaking (human terms).

And you need to stop trying to apply a general purpose law as an argument. It is neither self evident nor obvious. You need to be specific: what exactly is changing and why? As wages are independent of oil prices and tools and equipment are usually made with electricity, which can come from coal, nuclear, etc, what is driving up tool prices? The largest component of tools prices was the price of other tools to make new tools; second is wages; and finally energy primarily in the form of electricity. So, your words as spoken do not make sense, could you please spell it out in more detail?

Is doubling oil prices going to tripple electricity prices? Why? Perhaps you think doubling oil prices is going to cause wages to double? Out of the goodness of employer's hearts?
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby namenick » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 16:31:21

LOnesnark wrote: $this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')ow, this does present the potential problem: if natural gas and electricity rates increased dramatically faster than oil prices then the process would become unprofitable.


If they produce their own electricity as they do in Syncrude, how can electricity ever get more expensive than oil? In actuality isn't the amount of energy expended to produce another form of energy always going to be done at an efficiency loss?

What would happen if Syncrude had to burn 1.1 barrel of oil to power the generators which provide the energy to extract 1 barrel of oil? Would they abandon the tarsands projects?
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby Tyler_JC » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 17:14:15

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', '
')
The Law of Receding Horizons is a particular model that Westtexas and others at the OilDrum created to examine and predict future access to nonconventional crudes. It has proven accurate. It is a pretty simple concept. As petroleum prices increases, petroleum extraction equipment (built with petroleum) prices also go up.

The confusion arises when those tool prices do not go up in lockstep, but only appear after a delay
. Such is the nature of a complex industrial society. It takes time for inflation to filter through the system.


I take issue with two of your points.

The cost of non-oil resources hasn't increased in price even close to the increase in oil. Even when you factor in the lead time.

Wind turbine costs have risen, but only because they haven't built enough capacity to meet demand. It has nothing to do with the cost of oil, it has to do with supply and demand.

As oil gets more expensive, people swap to alternatives and push up demand for those alternatives.

The result is higher prices and higher profits for producers. The result of that is more capacity and lower prices.

Higher oil prices lead to more demand for oil extraction equipment. It has little to do with the cost of producing the machinery and a lot to do with demand for oil wells.

The world's petroleum engineers are renting out every single piece of oil extraction equipment in order to make as much money as possible. They are paying top dollar for equipment because they know that they can make big profits given the high price of their output, oil.

Schlumberger, the world's leading oil services company, increased profits by 22% in the fourth quarter. Is that because their costs are skyrocketing because of higher oil prices? Or are they making big profits because the demand for oil services has increased dramatically with higher prices?

The LRH ignores cause and effect.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby yesplease » Thu 24 Jan 2008, 20:10:03

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', 'P')eak natural gas and peak coal might play into this crisis, don't you think? One is around the corner and the other is around the corner, geologically speaking.
Sure thing. Everything plays into everything else. How much they play into what we're interested in. I'm fairly sure NG has minimal effects on industrial manufacturing since it's largely used for peak capacity due to AC and whatnot. In fact, depending on the electricity provider, businesses will install energy storage systems in order to take advantage of cheaper off-peak rates and avoid high peak rates.

Coal is a bit more interesting to look at IMO. But still, if we account for the externalities passed on to the public as a whole, which we pay for via primarily through increased exposure to climate change and health problems from pollution, and to a lesser extent, subsidies, it's a loss compared to the right blend of wind, CS, and nukes. Even w/o including externalities, they are approaching what coal costs w/o a peak in coal.

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('pstarr', 'I')t is a pretty simple concept. As petroleum prices increases, petroleum extraction equipment (built with petroleum) prices also go up.
What do you mean by built with petroleum? Do you know what the energy and raw material inputs required to build said equipment is?
Last edited by yesplease on Fri 25 Jan 2008, 02:24:06, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby LoneSnark » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 00:53:42

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ')What would happen if Syncrude had to burn 1.1 barrel of oil to power the generators which provide the energy to extract 1 barrel of oil? Would they abandon the tarsands projects?

Absolutely not. They will do what everyone else does when they realize their generator is expensive to operate: they will call the nearest power company and inquire about the costs of getting connected. It is quite probable that these producers are generating their own power because the oil was cheaper than running power lines a hundred miles or so. But, as oil gets more expensive, steel power-lines begin to look like a wise investment.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby namenick » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 02:02:19

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('LoneSnark', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', ' ')What would happen if Syncrude had to burn 1.1 barrel of oil to power the generators which provide the energy to extract 1 barrel of oil? Would they abandon the tarsands projects?

Absolutely not. They will do what everyone else does when they realize their generator is expensive to operate: they will call the nearest power company and inquire about the costs of getting connected. It is quite probable that these producers are generating their own power because the oil was cheaper than running power lines a hundred miles or so. But, as oil gets more expensive, steel power-lines begin to look like a wise investment.


Well actually Syncrude does generate it's own power and it's done with off gas from the process combined with natural gas. To connect to the grid would not be a likely solution because the grid around there is oil fired and natural gas generation anyway. So the question still remains, which you have sort of answered with a no. They would not abandon the tarsands if it took more energy to extract the oil than what they do extract. EROEI From what I have heard in the past the tarsands operations are viable when oil is as low as $30/barrel and it could be even lower now with better methods in the last few years.

I'm not an expert on this but I think the answer to my question has a lot to do with the question posed by the title of this thread.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby SchroedingersCat » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 02:15:21

Zero sum game. Finite resources. There are only so many drilling rigs. Companies can build more, but it takes time, money and resources. All of these are being bid up by those who have the most available financial resources. Iron ore needs to be mined and refined to make steel. The trucks to do this need tires. The cost of energy to refine the ore is skyrocketing. There are only so many project managers, engineers, and skilled tradesmen available.

A project planned in 2004 with 2004 prices will not be completed under budget. If you budget for the 2-3% inflation the government is claiming you will be very surprised when the material and labor costs of your project increase by 50% in 3 years. Oil prices alone have almost tripled since 2004. Most other commodities have followed. Rising prices do not create new natural resources. They only make recovery of less easily extracted resources more profitable.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby Tyler_JC » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 14:33:35

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('SchroedingersCat', 'Z')ero sum game. Finite resources. There are only so many drilling rigs. Companies can build more, but it takes time, money and resources. All of these are being bid up by those who have the most available financial resources. Iron ore needs to be mined and refined to make steel. The trucks to do this need tires. The cost of energy to refine the ore is skyrocketing. There are only so many project managers, engineers, and skilled tradesmen available.

A project planned in 2004 with 2004 prices will not be completed under budget. If you budget for the 2-3% inflation the government is claiming you will be very surprised when the material and labor costs of your project increase by 50% in 3 years. Oil prices alone have almost tripled since 2004. Most other commodities have followed. Rising prices do not create new natural resources. They only make recovery of less easily extracted resources more profitable.


Again, you just answered the question.

Ever seen a supply curve?

By making easily recoverable resources more profitable, you make difficult to recover resources more profitable.

In fact, you might even make extremely difficult to recover resources switch over from unprofitable to profitable.

There's your extra supply.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby namenick » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 15:28:39

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('SchroedingersCat', 'Z')ero sum game. Finite resources. There are only so many drilling rigs. Companies can build more, but it takes time, money and resources. All of these are being bid up by those who have the most available financial resources. Iron ore needs to be mined and refined to make steel. The trucks to do this need tires. The cost of energy to refine the ore is skyrocketing. There are only so many project managers, engineers, and skilled tradesmen available.

A project planned in 2004 with 2004 prices will not be completed under budget. If you budget for the 2-3% inflation the government is claiming you will be very surprised when the material and labor costs of your project increase by 50% in 3 years. Oil prices alone have almost tripled since 2004. Most other commodities have followed. Rising prices do not create new natural resources. They only make recovery of less easily extracted resources more profitable.


Again, you just answered the question.

Ever seen a supply curve?

By making easily recoverable resources more profitable, you make difficult to recover resources more profitable.

In fact, you might even make extremely difficult to recover resources switch over from unprofitable to profitable.

There's your extra supply.


If you are talking about the same resource above as in this case where we are talking about oil then that would be true. If you are talking about two different resources in the case of easily recoverable and another resource which is not easiy recoverable then I would doubt that it would be true. And if we aren't talking about oil but comparing two resources then it's definitely not true in many cases. For that reason I think we should just stick with oil.

But in any case I think that most people are failing to look at the tarsands oil recovery in the wrong perspective. the fact that Arab oil can be brought to market much cheaper than oilsands oil doesn't make the oilsands unviable. In fact it was profitable even when the price of oil was $30/barrel. Now it is hugely profitable and will obviously remain so until it is mined out.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby Tyler_JC » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 15:47:40

Sorry, I should have been more specific.

I'm talking about oil resources.

Oil reserve = oil resource.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby namenick » Fri 25 Jan 2008, 17:50:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', 'S')orry, I should have been more specific.

I'm talking about oil resources.

Oil reserve = oil resource.


O.K. Tyler, I understand where you are coming from now. My intent was to make it clear that oilsands oil is going to be profitable regardless of how profitable easily recoverable oil is right up until oil drops below $30/barrel or maybe even lower. Of course I don't believe that will ever happen now unless the US was able to force huge controlling measures upon the market. Not likely but this is the nature of the beast as we saw just prior to the Gulf war where the US was able to force oil down to $15-$17/barrel (?) in order to coerce Saddam into moving against Kuwait to ensure Iraq's economic survival.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby MonteQuest » Sun 24 Feb 2008, 23:18:19

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Tyler_JC', 'T')he Law Of Receding Horizons is incorrect.

Image

Does anyone dispute these charts?


No, but I observe that the decline in cost is flattening out. Law of Diminishing Returns?
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby Heineken » Sun 24 Feb 2008, 23:24:21

Not only are the cost-decline curves flattening, in time they will start to rise. Even windmills and photovoltaics require maintenance, and maintenance (and replacement) costs are going to spike, inevitably.

I bet the day will come when you can't even get parts for a wind turbine without breaking the bank, assuming the parts are available at all or can be transported to where they are needed.
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby LoneSnark » Mon 25 Feb 2008, 00:11:08

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')ot only are the cost-decline curves flattening, in time they will start to rise. Even windmills and photovoltaics require maintenance, and maintenance (and replacement) costs are going to spike, inevitably.

Why? Have we run out of scrap metal to make replacement parts?
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Re: Law of Receding Horizons

Unread postby yesplease » Mon 25 Feb 2008, 00:18:45

$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('Heineken', 'N')ot only are the cost-decline curves flattening, in time they will start to rise. Even windmills and photovoltaics require maintenance, and maintenance (and replacement) costs are going to spike, inevitably.
Course they will. That there is inflation! The better question is, at that time what will that cost be compared to the cost of alternatives, including externalities.
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