by evilgenius » Sat 31 Dec 2016, 12:48:40
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('evilgenius', '')$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('efarmer', 'P')umped hydroelectric storage yields about 70% to 80% of input energy back, which is decent. The turbine that reclaims the power from the gravity potential does so by reducing it's head pressure of course by taking power out of the water column, hence cascading more turbines in the flow path can be difficult by robbing the power required to insure sufficient flow and adding pumps to restore flow requires more power and it becomes a zero sum game quickly. This is why pumped hydorelectric with electrical grid sharing of surplus energy has won the game so far.
I wonder about Tesla turbines in this capacity? They spin at such a high rate. They could be the spinning core of a generator. They'd probably wear out, but why not build the system with bypasses around each of them. Turn the water off through them and them replace the whole section as a unit. I think there are solutions that the 21st Century can come up with.
Plus, if you can allow the flow to stop in reservoirs along the way to rebuild pressure, why would it be inefficient? Time isn't important in this scheme. It's more about the cycles the alternative energy farms undergo. I do see what you mean. I've heard people talk about the over and over, uphill to the same reservoir, concept with this as if it were perpetual motion. They discount the drop off you mentioned. Sometimes, they can get away with it, like in mountains with a significant amount of wind for pumping power. Usually they can't.
I'm not talking about pumping it uphill again and again, but about moving it around the country. It can go downhill, in some places, much farther than it ever got pumped uphill. The alternative energy farms built to provide the pumping power wouldn't just provide that power, but contribute to the grid as well. When they aren't going the various water stores can flow, to provide night, slack wind, or bad weather power. Of course, in drought, they'd have to go when there was need. If they are mostly providing night power, they don't have to provide as much power as the energy farms would.
I am making the assumption that we would want to save the various cities; Phoenix, Los Angeles, Vegas, Amarillo, Topeka, etc, not to mention watering crops, that would be endangered by potential lack of water. I think there have been prior civilizations that have undergone equal situations endangering their cities. They may have tried all kinds of methods and given up. Like those ancient abandoned cities in India were eventually given up. Those people probably just built new cities where there was water. A few hundred years on, and nobody was the wiser. But, currently, imagine the level of protection a nation would have if it insulated itself from climate change in this manner. While everyone else was busy thinking about moving, you'd be busy extracting from them whatever you could get for the things your position enabled you to enjoy.