The title of this thread is a lie.
Most people don't work out. Thats the killer variable. What is it- only 25% of americans work out? 15% weight train.
There is a lot of new research indicating that "use it or lose it" is the main operative biological phenomena going on at many levels. New research, for instance, shows that bones communicate with muscles, to build new parts. Physicality obviously activates a lot of latent genetic potential. The body's systems atrophy with disuse. On average, most people have no neuromotor control over many large muscle groups.
If there is a fountain of youth, its working out. Calorie restriction is fine but it is attractive because it involves no additional effort. You want to age gracefully? Weight train 3-4 times a week. Cardio 4-5. Flexibility 2-3. Plyometric 2-3.
Really, what are we talking about here? Doing pilates by video fro 20 minutes a day before breakfast. Yoga/stretching 15 minutes here and there. Weight training for 20-30 minutes at a time. Riding a bike to work and back (10 miles) 4-5 times/wk. Plyometrics wherever you can do it, 15 minutes a week.
Physical exercise is painful and hard. It is also the only way to go, as far as I'm concerned, because food is problematic. You don't know how much you're getting, or not getting, or WHAT you're getting.
http://www.amazon.com/Fateful-Harvest-G ... 0060931833
Heres my summative advice:
1. Do not do forward bends, even in Yoga. Stresses the anterior lumbar vertebral discs unnessesarily.
2. Do mat pilates. Core strength is critical.
3. Persue "Western" anatomical streching in parallel with Yoga. "Western" includes real anatomical theory- sports medicine and Ballet-type coordination.
4. Practice regaining neuromotor control over all the muscle groups in your body- increases proprioception.
5. Never "run" longer than 5 minutes at a time. LD runners are total fucking morons. The knees are the reason for this restriction. You better believe it. The damage to the knees, for the vast majority of people, outweighs any benefit. Alternative- "Burst" training has been shown to produce all the benefits of running for 30 minutes by running for 3 minutes. 1 minute run, 9 minute walk, repeat x3.
6. Train with purposeful intensity. Most people never "swtich on" the regenerative physcial processes triggered by exercise because they do not pursue it with intensity, a mental disciplince. For instance, they get a bike, and you see them pedaling lazily by and they complain they aren't losing weight or whatever. Or when you're at the gym, and there are these big loaves of bread lying around, lifting a few, then lying around, etc. You need intensity of effort to push your body out of an equilibrium/energy-conserving state and into a condition of beneficial stress. Hit all the machines in the gym within 30 minutes and get the hell out of there. Wait a max of 60 seconds between sets.
7. Do not make the mistake of thinking all physical activity or effort is equivalent. People think "gardening" is "exercise". Or "exercise" is helping someone move. WRONG. For physical exertion to be beneficial, it has to be performed carefully and with specific purpose. Bascially, when you are physcially exerting in everyday experience, the movement is directed in a highly efficient, involuntary way. This is a kind of workout but its not specifically integrative with conscious awareness. You are "working" on not dropping the friend's couch. Your CNS is "working" on using the least amount of effort necessary to produce the required movement. "Exercise" is the opposite activity. The mind is "working" on perception, overriding consciously the autonomous processes- purposefully attempting to control specific muscles to perform specific actions with the most amount of effort. The difference is that one increases strength and fitness, the other is just kind of there. The difference is concentration, purpose, and design of the movement.
8. LEARN anatomy and physiology. You probably know more about your car than your own body. Practice gaining neuromotor control over the smallest, most seemingly insignificant muscle groups. Isn't it a shame that all those years of "physical education" in your primary school years didn't leave you with any real knowledge?
http://www.innerbody.com/image/musbov.html
9. Be consistent. You have to work out, at least 3-4 times per week. Allow a day rest between resistance (anaerobic) workout. Don't beat yourself up if you miss a week, 2 weeks, or a year. Just get back on the horse.
10. Learn to enjoy pain. Its just a mental thing. When you feel pain, tell yourself you like it. Grin like Jack Nicholson. You will injure yourself sooner or later, and have to go through recovery phases. But the benefits are cumulative, synergistic, and systemic.
11. Work with what you've got and be honest and dedicated to your goals. Accept no theoretical limitations.
The fountain of youth is a parable about the dangers of illogical fantasy, about avoiding work and getting a reward.
Finally, breathe less. The less Oxygen you intake, the less oxidative damage will occur. Exercise makes the body more efficient, reducing the need for oxygen by lowering heart rate, metabolic rate, and Blood pressure when the body is at rest. This is the trade-off. Short periods of conditioning where you artificially increase stress to enjoy deeper relaxation on the downside.