by Sixstrings » Fri 15 Jan 2010, 11:17:57
Here's a couple well-written pieces on Haiti's colorful history:
part 1:
http://exiledonline.com/homage-to-haiti-a-war-nerd-classic/part 2:
http://exile.ru/articles/detail.php?ARTICLE_ID=7249&IBLOCK_ID=35Basically, Haiti has been a shockingly primitive and violent place for centuries. Savage violence and chaos are deeply entrenched in this society, and no short-term relief effort can change all that.
Here's a snippet from part one of the article:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', '[')b]In a way, the only sad thing about Haiti is the way we keep trying to make it into Ohio. Because it never will be, and only looks ridiculous trying, giving the local killers fancy democratic names. If we just let Haiti be Haiti — a crazy, gory voodoo kingdom — people might learn to respect the place. I have, after reading up on it. Haiti’s history isn’t just a lot of killing, either.
A lot of Haitian leaders were brilliant guys who weren’t afraid of anybody — not Napoleon, not Jesus, not nobody. These guys were self-made black Roman Emperors. They came up the hard way, out of slavery in the cane fields, and beat the European armies that tried to take the place back. All comers–French, British, Spanish — the Haitians took them all on and put the fear into them.
Desallines, one of the scariest men who ever ruled Haiti with a bloody machete, said it pretty clearly when it came to racial policy: “For the Haitian declaration of independence, we should use a white man’s skin for parchment, his skull for an inkwell, his blood for ink, and a bayonet for a pen!”
Of course there’s lots of big racial talk in the world, and not much of it means anything. That’s what I respect about Haiti: they mean every goddamn word. Take Desallines; his men killed every paleface they could catch. They were following a good Haitian tradition, dating back to the big slave rebellions, when the black rebels used a white baby stuck on a pike as their flag.
A bit form part two:
$this->bbcode_second_pass_quote('', 'N')obody remembers that the US Marines were the most stable, longterm government Haiti ever saw. They were in charge from 1915 to 1934. It was Woodrow Wilson, one of our all-time do-gooder presidents and a big backer of little nations, who sent them to Haiti. Things had just gotten a little too bloody for Woodie to tolerate.
The Haitians were having one of their more colorful periods. In 1912, the President of Haiti was blown up in an explosion that may or may not have been accidental. The next four contenders died or fled, leaving the presidential chair vacant just long enough for a really crazy specimen named Sam, who grabbed it in March 1915. Sam was not what you'd call a champion of democratic process. Within four months, he'd rounded up 167 personal enemies. Then he had them shot.
The people took to the streets looking for Sam's hide. He hid behind the drapes at the French embassy. The French were still trying to explain the details of international law to the mob when they broke in, dragged Sam out from behind the potted plants, and tore him limb from limb. You don't get much chance to use that phrase, "limb from limb," and really mean it. But that's what they did. They were so proud of themselves they had a parade, with Sam's arms, legs, head and torso like Rose Bowl floats.
Wilson, who was one of these sour, serious Presbyterian types, was appalled. He forgot all his talk about non-intervention and told the Marines to go down there and give the Haitians order and democracy if they had to crack every head in the country to do it.
For almost 20 years, the Marines kept Haiti more peaceful and prosperous than it had ever been. They wiped out malaria, built a bunch of roads, bridges and other Corps of Engineers trademark boondoggles, and kept the hotheads under control.
But the locals weren't totally happy. For one thing, the white American troops didn't discriminate the way the "Haitian elite" expected. The "elite" was mulatto and spoke French. They considered themselves way superior to the "blacks," the pure-African peasants who spoke Creole and did all the actual work. Naturally, these mulattos expected to collaborate with the foreign whites to keep the blacks down where they belonged, and they were outraged when the Marines made it clear that as far as they could see, everybody in Haiti was just plain black.